基于锥形束CT的牙周健康人群上颌磨牙区腭侧牙槽嵴骨突测量分析

Cone beam CT-based measurement and analysis of alveolar ridge bone protuberances on the palatal side of the maxillary molar region in periodontally healthy populations

目的 应用锥形束CT测量分析牙周健康人群上颌磨牙区腭侧牙槽嵴骨突的发生情况及其特点。方法 选取2022年2月至2023年3月于新疆医科大学第一附属医院(附属口腔医院)口腔放射科行锥形束CT检查的牙周健康患者295例。检查所有患者双侧上颌第一、第二和第三磨牙腭侧存在牙槽嵴骨突情况,测量腭侧牙槽嵴骨突位置及其对应黏膜厚度,并进行民族、性别、年龄差异分析。结果 上颌磨牙区腭侧牙槽嵴骨突发生率为35.60%(105/295),上颌第一、第二和第三磨牙腭侧牙槽嵴骨突发生率依次为5.08%(15/295)、30.17%(89/295)、10.50%(31/295)。维吾尔族与汉族患者及不同性别患者相同牙位腭侧牙槽嵴骨突发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P> 0.05)。维吾尔族患者上颌第二磨牙腭侧牙槽嵴骨突至釉牙骨质界的距离较汉族患者更远,男性患者上颌第二磨牙腭侧牙槽嵴骨突至釉牙骨质界的距离较女性更远,18~<30岁患者上颌第二磨牙腭侧牙槽嵴骨突处黏膜厚度大于> 40~50岁患者,以上差异均有统计学意义(均P <0.05);其他牙位的牙槽嵴骨突位置和黏膜厚度在不同民族、性别和年龄段患者中比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P> 0.05)。结论 上颌磨牙区腭侧牙槽嵴骨突可发生在多个牙位且发生率较高。上颌第二磨牙腭侧牙槽嵴骨突的位置可能受民族和性别影响,其黏膜厚度可能与年龄有关,在行软组织移植术前建议行详细的锥形束CT检查。

Objective To measure and analyze the occurrence and characteristics of bony protuberances on the palatal alveolar ridge in the maxillary molar region in periodontally healthy populations using cone beam CT.Methods A total of 295 periodontally healthy patients who had undergone cone beam CT examination at the Department of Oral Radiology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University(Affiliated Stomatological Hospital)between February 2022and March 2023 were included in the analysis.Inspect all patients for the presence of alveolar ridge bony protuberances on the palatal side of the maxillary molar region.Measure the position of alveolar ridge bony protuberances and their corresponding mucosal thickness.In addition,analyze the differences in these indicators among different ethnic groups,genders,and ages.Results The study found that 35.60%(105/295)of the patients had alveolar ridge bony protuberances on the palatal side of the maxillary molar region.The incidence of bony protuberances on the maxillary first,second,and third molars was 5.08%(15/295),30.17%(89/295)and 10.50%(31/295),respectively.The comparison of the incidence Han Chinese patients,and the distance from the alveolar ridge protuberance to the enamel bone boundary on the palatal side of the maxillary second molar was more distant in male patients than in females,and the thickness of the mucous membrane of the bony protuberance on the palatal side of the maxillary second molar was greater in 18-< 30 years old patients than in 40-50 years old patients,the above differences being statistically significant(all P < 0.05).The alveolar ridge bony protuberance position and mucosal thickness of the other teeth were not statistically different when compared among patients of different ethnicities,genders,and age groups(all P > 0.05).Conclusion Palatal alveolar ridge bony protuberance in the maxillary molar region can occur in multiple tooth positions and has a high incidence.The location of the bony protuberance of the palatal alveolar ridge of the maxillary second molar may be influenced by ethnicity and gender,and its mucosal thickness may be age-related,so detailed cone beam CT is recommended prior to soft-tissue grafting.