陕西山地寺庙园林植物应用分析

Analysis on the Application of Garden Plants in Shaanxi Mountain Temples

园林植物作为寺庙园林的重要组成部分,在空间塑造、意境营造及文化寓意的表达方面具有重要作用。在特殊的自然地理环境及地域条件下,陕西山地寺庙园林的植物配置具有一定的独特性。文章选取陕北、关中、陕南11所山地寺庙进行调研,获取每所寺庙园林植物的基础数据,得出陕西山地型寺庙园林的常用植物包括乔木类、灌木类、草本类和藤本类。在此基础上,对寺庙内乔木和灌木类植物的数量及种类、不同树种的出现频率进行统计,得出应用较多的植物种类,并分析其在寺庙园林中特定的文化寓意。此外,文章从诸多方面阐释园林植物在山地寺庙园林空间营造中的作用。以期为陕西新建寺庙风景区的园林植物应用提供借鉴与参考。

As an important part of temple gardens,garden plants play an important role in space shaping,mood creation and expression of cultural symbolism.Under the special natural geographical environment and regional conditions,the plant configuration of Shaanxi mountain temples has certain uniqueness.In this paper,11 mountain temples in northern Shaanxi,Guanzhong,and southern Shaanxi were selected for research,and the basic data of garden plants in each temple were obtained.It was concluded that the commonly used plants in the gardens of mountain temples in Shaanxi include trees,shrubs,herbs,and lianas.On this basis,the number and types of trees and shrubs in the temple,and the frequency of different tree species are counted,and the plant species with more applications are derived and analyzed for their specific cultural meanings in the temple gardens.In addition,the role of garden plants in the creation of mountain temple garden spaces is explained from various aspects with a view to providing lessons and references for the application of plants in the gardens of newly-built temples in Shaanxi.