SASMEX:墨西哥地震预警系统发展

SASMAX:Development of earthquake early warning systems in Mexico

墨西哥地震预警系统(El Sistema de Alerta Sísmica Mexicano,SASMEX)于1993年开始投入使用,是世界上首个向公众发布预警信息的系统。SASMEX已成功运行了30年,目前拥有96个监测台站,覆盖范围从巴亚尔塔港(哈利斯科州)到萨利纳克鲁斯(瓦哈卡州)的太平洋海岸以及格雷罗州和普埃布拉新火山轴南部地区。近年来,SASMEX结合震级阈值和震中距生成警报,并利用专用接收器、公共扬声器、多灾种无线电以及电视和广播电台发布预警信息。系统可以在强震动到达后1分钟内向公众发布墨西哥城的峰值地面加速度图。代表性案例是2017年9月7日特万特佩克大地震(M w 8.2)中,SASMEX为墨西哥城提供了近2分钟的预警时间。

The El Sistema de Alerta Sísmica Mexicano was put into use in 1993,which was the first earthquake early system in the world to issue alerts to the public.The SASMEX has been operating successfully for 30 years and has 96 monitoring stations covering the Pacific coast from Puerto Vallarta(Jalisco)to Salina Cruz(Oaxaca)as well as Guerrero and Puebla Nueva Volcanoes axis south region today.In recent years,the SASMEX has generated warnings based on magnitude thresholds and epicenter distances,and uses dedicated receivers,public loudspeakers,multi-hazard radios,and television and radio stations to issue alerts.The system can produce a peak ground acceleration map of the Mexico City to the public within 1 minute of the arrival of a strong ground motion.The representative case is that during the Tehuantepec earthquake on September 7,2017,SASMEX provided nearly 2 minutes of warning time to the Mexico City.