近岸浮游植物对海洋油污染的响应研究

Study on the response of coastal phytoplankton to marine oil pollution

近岸浮游植物作为海洋生态系统中的重要生产者,其对环境变化尤其是油污染的响应能够显著影响海洋的生态平衡。尽管目前关于海洋油污染的研究较多,但关于浮游植物对油污具体响应机制仍有待深入研究,尤其是在不同油污浓度下的系统性生理变化。本研究通过室内实验,研究了不同浓度船用柴油对浮游植物生长、光合效率、叶绿素a浓度、脂类含量以及抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果显示:1)油污染显著抑制浮游植物的生长,降低光合作用效率和叶绿素a浓度,影响脂类含量,并诱导抗氧化酶活性的增加,表明浮游植物通过启动抗氧化防御机制应对油污染压力;2)胁迫响应蛋白活性随油污染浓度增加而显著上升。研究揭示了油污染对近岸生态系统中浮游植物的剂量依赖性影响,为理解油污染的生态效应及制定海洋生态保护策略提供了重要信息。

Coastal phytoplankton,as key primary producers within marine ecosystems,significantly influence the ecological balance of the oceans in response to environmental changes,particularly oil pollution.Although extensive research has been conducted on marine oil pollution,detailed mechanisms of phytoplankton s response to oil,especially under varying concentrations of pollution,remain to be thoroughly explored.This study investigates the effects of different concentrations of marine diesel oil on the growth,photosynthetic efficiency,chlorophyll a concentration,lipid content,and antioxidant enzyme activity of phytoplankton through indoor experiments.The results indicate that oil pollution significantly inhibits phytoplankton growth,reduces photosynthetic efficiency and chlorophyll a concentration,affects lipid content,and induces an increase in antioxidant enzyme activity,suggesting that phytoplankton initiate antioxidative defense mechanisms to cope with the stress of oil pollution.Furthermore,the activity of stress response proteins significantly increases with the concentration of oil pollution.The study reveals the dose-dependent effects of oil pollution on phytoplankton within coastal ecosystems,providing crucial insights for understanding the ecological impacts of oil pollution and formulating strategies for marine ecological protection.