高压杆塔设备无线供电技术剖析

Research and Development of Wireless Power Supply Technology for Pylon-Devices

高压杆塔设备的种类和数量随着智能电网和5G新基建的蓬勃发展而日益增多,现有的蓄电池供电方式可靠性较差且所需运维工作量大,供电成为它们必须面对的重要问题。近年来,通过架空输电线路取电,再将电能无线传输给电力杆塔设备的供电技术,已经显示出具有良好的发展和应用前景。为此,该文从供电系统组成、取电装置、磁耦合机构、补偿网络、电能变换器及控制方法几个方面,对电力杆塔设备无线供电技术现有发展状况进行系统的分析,指出应用前景以及系统亟待解决的问题,并探讨无线供电技术在传输效率、抗偏移、鲁棒性以及产品化等方面的发展趋势。

With the development of smart grids and new 5G infrastructure,the type and quantity of pylon devices are increasing,and power supply issues have received widespread attention.The battery power supply method for high-voltage pylon devices(PD)has a large operation and maintenance workload,requiring better reliability.Seeking a more reasonable power supply method has become an important issue.In recent years,power supply technology,by taking electricity through overhead transmission lines and wirelessly transmitting electricity to power tower equipment,can solve the power supply problem of PD.Therefore,this paper systematically analyzes the current development status of wireless power supply technology for power tower equipment from the aspects of wireless power supply systems for pylon devices(PD-WPSS),power intake devices,magnetic coupling mechanisms,compensation networks,energy converters,and control methods.The application prospects and urgent problems that need to be solved are pointed out,and transmission efficiency and development trends in anti-deviation,robustness,and productization are explored.PD-WPSS should meet the technical requirements:transmission distance in meters,transmission power in hundreds of watts,and good resistance to offset,mechanical strength,insulation level,and corrosion.The method can obtain power from the phase line magnetic field at a power level of one hundred watts.However,the large fluctuation phenomenon in the phase line current should be addressed.The main methods include energy storage,protection,and bypass power supply.The magnetic coupling structure of the system should be considered to increase the transmission distance without affecting the insulation performance of insulators.From the industrialization perspective,copper consumption and the feasibility of mass production should be considered.The compensation network of the system should not be limited to SS-type compensation networks or CCL compensation networks.It can combine with higher-order compensation networks to improve the transmission characteristics of the system.For the converter and its control methods,the conversion from power frequency to high frequency is mainly achieved on the transmitting side.On the receiving side,constant current/constant voltage output is achieved based on the demand characteristic curve of the load.The results show that the research on PD-WPSS has preliminarily achieved the expected power supply function.However,its power supply efficiency,power,and resistance to current fluctuations and offset still need to be improved.Currently,there is no relevant product standard.In addition,system lightweight design and multi-load power distribution optimization need to be further explored to improve the practicality of PD-WPSS.PD-WPSS still has a long way to go before it is productized and applied on a large scale.