中药活性成分通过调控细胞凋亡防治宫颈癌研究进展

Research Progress in Active Components of Chinese Medicinals for Regulating Apoptosis to Prevent and Treat Cervical Cancer

中药活性成分通过调控线粒体途径细胞凋亡、内质网途径细胞凋亡及多途径相结合的细胞凋亡而抑制相关宫颈癌细胞的生长和增殖,为中药在抗宫颈癌治疗中的应用提供了理论基础,并为进一步的研究和开发新的抗肿瘤疗法提供了可能方向,但仍存在以下问题:(1)大部分研究均集中于细胞层面的体外实验,尚缺少治疗宫颈癌的临床研究;(2)干预线粒体途径是中药有效成分调节细胞凋亡是最常见的途径内容,但往往中药活性成分能够作用于多途径凋亡,关于多途径复杂调控机制的研究仍有待进一步丰富;(3)关于信号通路防治宫颈癌的作用机制未明确阐述,PI3K/AKT信号通路散在于一些研究中,很难作为共性通路开展深入研究。因此,对一些具有开发前景的中药活性成分应进一步开展设计良好的临床试验及动物实验,以评估其疗效及安全性。未来还需结合系统生物学、人工智能技术、数据挖掘技术等深入分析中药活性成分的调控机制,明晰中药活性成分调节凋亡抗癌作用的靶点和信号通路。

Active components of Chinese medicinals inhibit the growth and proliferation of cervical cancer cells by regulating apoptosis through mitochondrial pathways,endoplasmic reticulum pathways,and a combination of multiple pathways.This provides a theoretical foundation for the application of Chinese medicinals in the treatment of cervical cancer and offers potential directions for further research and development of new anti-tumor therapies.However,there are still some problems as follows:(1)Most studies focus on in vitro experiments at the cellular level,with a lack of clinical research on cervical cancer treatment;(2)While intervention in the mitochondrial pathway is the most common mechanism through which active components of Chinese medicinals regulate apoptosis,these components often affect multiple apoptotic pathways,and research on the complex regulatory mechanisms remains to be enriched;(3)There is little explicit discussion of signaling pathways in the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer,with the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway mentioned sporadically,making it difficult to conduct in-depth studies as a common pathway.Therefore,well-designed clinical trials and animal experiments should be further developed for promising active components of Chinese medicinals to evaluate their efficacy and safety.Future research should integrate systems biology,artificial intelligence,data mining technologies,and other interdisciplinary knowledge to explore and analyze the regulatory mechanisms of active components of Chinese medicinals,clarifying the targets and signaling pathways involved in their apoptotic and anti-cancer effects.