《金匮要略》 “暍”之考

Textual Research of"暍"in Jin Gui Yao Lue

“暍”字最迟出现于战国时期,其原始音为“he”。经数千年的演变,至少有“he”“e”“ye”3种读音,现约定俗成,将“暍”多读作“ye”。“暍”的本义为中暑、伤热。在后续的使用中,多延续本义,并特指伤于盛夏暑热。纵观史书可知,“暍”病多为季节性急性热病,而结合“暍”病的发病特点与“暍”异体字综合分析,发现“暍”病或为疫病之一。在历代医著之中,《金匮要略》首先明确“暍”病内涵,区别于《黄帝内经》中伏气所发之暑病。“暍”病乃新感暑邪,发为太阳病。其病势有轻重,病性分阴阳,治法亦有变通。

The character"暍"appeared in the Warring States Period at the latest,and its original pronunciation was"he"China′s Pinyin system.After thousands of years of evolution,there are at least three pronunciations,namely,"he","e"and"ye".At present,through common practice,it is pronounced as"ye".The original meaning of"暍"is Heat stroke and being injured by fever.In the subsequent use,the original meaning is continued,and it specifically refers to the injury in the midsummer Heat.Based on the books during history,most of the"暍"diseases are seasonal acute fever diseases.Combined with the comprehensive analysis of the pathogenesis characteristics of"暍"disease and the"暍"variant Chinese character,it is found that"暍"disease may be one of the epidemic diseases.Among the medical works of the past dynasties,the connotation of"暍"disease was first clarified in Jin Gui Yao Lue,which is different from the summer illness caused by Fu Qi in Huang Di Nei Jing."暍"sickness is a newly occurring disease by strike summer Heat evil factor,belonging to Taiyang disease.The severity degree of the disease is different,the disease nature can be divided into Yin or Yang case.Therefore,the treatment method of the disease is also varied.