氯化钙采前喷施对西梅采后果实活性氧代谢的调节作用

Regulation of postharvest fruit reactive oxygen metabolism by preharvest spraying of calcium chloride on prunes

【目的】研究CaCl_(2)(Calcium chloride)采前喷施对西梅果实采后衰老的抑制作用。【方法】以新疆喀什地区伽师县法兰西西梅为试材,采用2%CaCl_(2)在果实的膨大期、转色期和采收期喷施,测定活性氧代谢相关酶活性,分析果实衰老与活性代谢之间的关系。【结果】采前CaCl_(2)处理可延缓西梅采后果实失重率、总酚和类黄酮的下降,抑制西梅采后果实中丙二醛含量的升高、加快清除超氧阴离子、过氧化氢。采前CaCl_(2)处理显著提高过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(ascorbate peroxidase,APX)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(Glutathione reductase,GR)的活性,从而延缓果实采后失重率的下降。贮藏至第21 d,CaCl_(2)处理果实的失重率提高了67.05%,POD、SOD、CAT、APX、GR的活性分别提高了30.21%、15.87%、48.41%、57.46%和50.49%。【结论】CaCl_(2)采前处理减少了活性氧的积累,减轻了西梅果实的氧化损伤,维持细胞膜的完整性,进而延缓了西梅果实的衰老。

【Objective】To investigate the inhibitory effect of pre-harvest spraying of CaCl_(2)(Calcium chloride)on post-harvest senescence of prune fruits.【Methods】French prunes from Gashi County,Kashgar Prefecture,Xinjiang,as the test material for the study.The relationship between fruit senescence and active metabolism was analyzed by measuring the activities of enzymes related to active oxygen metabolism using 2%CaCl_(2)sprayed at the expansion,colour change and harvesting stages of the fruit.【Results】The results showed that the pre-harvest CaCl_(2)treatment delayed the decrease of post-harvest fruit weight loss,total phenols and flavonoids,and inhibited the increase of malondialdehyde and accelerated the scavenging of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide in the post-harvest fruits of prunes.Pre-harvest CaCl_(2)treatment significantly increased the activity of Peroxidase(POD),Superoxide Dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),Ascorbate Peroxidase(APX)and Glutathione Reductase(GR),thereby delaying the decline in post-harvest fruit weight loss.After 21 days storage,the weight loss rate of fruits treated with CaCl_(2)increased by 67.05%.The acitivies of POD、SOD、CAT、APX、GR increased by 30.21%、15.87%、57.46%and 50.49%respectively.【Conclusion】Therefore,CaCl_(2)pre-harvest treatment reduces the accumulation of reactive oxygen species,mitigates oxidative damage in prune fruit,maintains the integrity of cell membranes thus delaying the ageing of prune fruit.