复合添加剂对冷季绵羊瘤胃发酵及养分表观消化率的影响

Effects of compound additives on growth performance,rumen fermentation and apparent nutrient digestibility of sheep in cold season

【目的】研究复合添加剂对冷季绵羊瘤胃发酵及养分表观消化率的影响。【方法】选用体重[(39.64±2.72)kg]相近、健康状况良好的6月龄阿勒泰羊公羊60只,随机分为1个对照组和3个复合添加剂组(E_(1)组、E_(2)组、E_(3)组),每组15只羊。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,E_(1)组在基础饲粮中添加2.2%的复合添加剂Ⅰ(沙棘叶粉∶氯化铵∶谷氨酰胺=15∶5∶2),E_(2)组在基础饲粮中添加2.2%的复合添加剂Ⅱ(沙棘叶粉∶氯化铵∶胍基乙酸=15∶5∶1),E_(3)组在基础饲粮中添2.2%的复合添加剂Ⅲ(沙棘叶粉∶氯化铵∶谷氨酰胺∶胍基乙酸=15∶5∶2∶1)。预试期15 d,正试期30 d。【结果】(1)整个试验阶段,E_(1)、E_(2)和E_(3)组的平均日采食量显著或极显著高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);E_(1)和E_(3)组第1~15 d料重比极显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。(2)E_(1)组的乙酸/丙酸显著高于E_(3)组(P<0.05);E_(2)组的异戊酸浓度显著高于对照组(P<0.05);其它瘤胃发酵参数组间差异不显著。(3)E_(1)组的干物质、有机物、粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维及总能的表观消化率最高,极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),E_(2)组粗脂肪的表观消化率最高,极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。饲粮中添加复合添加剂有助于提高冷季绵羊的养分表观消化率。【结论】复合添加剂Ⅰ(沙棘叶粉∶氯化铵∶谷氨酰胺=15∶5∶2)在冷季绵羊生产中的应用效果较好。

【Objective】To study the effects of compound additives on rumen fermentation.【Methods】Sixty 6-month-old Altay rams with similar body weight[(39.64±2.72)kg]and good health were randomly divided into one control group and three compound additive groups(E_(1)group,E_(2)group and E_(3)group),with 15 sheep in each group.The CON group was fed with basic diet,E_(1)group was added with 2.2%compound additive I(seabuckthorn leaf powder:ammonium chloride:glutamine=15∶5∶2),E_(2)group was added with 2.2%compound additive II(seabuckthorn leaf powder:ammonium chloride:guanylacetic acid=15∶5∶1),and E_(3)group was added with 2.2%compound additive III(seabuckthorn leaf powder:ammonium chloride:glutamine:guanylacetic acid=15∶5∶2∶1).The pre-trial period was 15 days and the pilot period was 30 days.【Results】The results showed that(1)The average daily feed intake of E_(1),E_(2)and E_(3)groups was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The ratio of feed to gain in E_(1)and E_(3)groups was significantly lower than that in control group during the first 15 days(P<0.01).(2)The acetic acid/propionic acid levels in the E_(1)group were significantly higher than those in the E_(3)group(P<0.05);The concentration of isovaleric acid in E_(2)group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05);There was no significant difference in other rumen fermentation parameters between groups.(3)The E_(1)group had the highest apparent digestibility of dry matter,organic matter,crude protein,neutral detergent fiber,acidic detergent fiber,and total energy,which was significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.01).The E_(2)group had the highest apparent digestibility of crude fat,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).【Conclusion】It can be seen that adding composite additives to the diet helps improve the apparent nutrient digestibility of cold season sheep.In summary,the application effect of composite additive I(seabuckthorn leaf powder:ammonium chloride:glutamine=15∶5∶2)in cold season sheep production is good.