从《黄帝内经》五体针理论探讨针刺治疗高脂血症

Discussion on treating hyperlipidemia by acupuncture based on the theory of five-body needle in Huangdi Neijing

基于《黄帝内经》五体针理论探讨针刺治疗高脂血症的思路。高脂血症是临床常见病之一,表现为低密度脂蛋白升高、三酰甘油升高、高密度脂蛋白降低等,与高血压病、冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病、脑血管疾病及肥胖症等疾病密切相关。五体是筋、脉、肉、皮、骨五种组织结构,《灵枢·九针论篇》云:“五主:心主脉,肺主皮,肝主筋,脾主肉,肾主骨。”五脏病变表现为五体异常。中医对脂质的认识源于《黄帝内经》的膏脂学说和津液学说,膏脂经脾之运化、肺气舒布、心之营运、肝之疏泄、肾之气化,随津血环周不休,濡润充养人体。而高脂血症是膏脂的病理状态,病机则可归结为五脏功能失调,气、血、津液不能正常运行。五体可反映人体五脏、经络气血的情况,因此提出“针刺五体,同调五脏、经络、气血”,以达到治疗高脂血症的目的。

Based on the theory of five-body needle in Huangdi Neijing(《黄帝内经》),this article explores the idea of treating hyperlipidemia by acupuncture.Hyperlipidemia is one of the common clinical diseases,with the overall manifestations including elevated low density lipoprotein,elevated triglycerides,and decreased high density lipoprotein,etc.,which is closely related to hypertension,coronary atherosclerotic heart disease,cerebrovascular disease,obesity and other diseases.The five bodies are the five organizational structures of tendons,veins,flesh,skin,and bone.In the Chapter on Nine Needles theory of Lingshu(《灵枢·九针论篇》),the five main organs:the heart governs the veins,the lung governs the skin,the liver governs the tendons,the spleen governs the flesh,and the kidney governs the bone.Pathological changes in the five internal organs manifest as abnormalities in the five bodies.The understanding of lipids in traditional Chinese medicine stems from the ointment theory and the body fluid theory in Huangdi Neijing.The ointment fat is transported by transportation function of spleen,distribution function of lung,operation function of heart,drainage function of liver,gasification function of kidney with the fluid and blood circulation continuously,moistening and nourishing the human body.Hyperlipidemia is a pathological state of ointment fat,and its pathogenesis can be attributed to dysfunction of five internal organs,and the inability of Qi(气),blood,and body fluids to function normally.The five bodies can reflect the situation of the five internal organs,meridians and collaterals,Qi,and blood of the human body,so it is proposed to treat hyperlipidemia by acupuncture to harmonize five internal organs,meridians and collaterals,and Qi and blood.