儿童支原体肺炎的临床特征分析及危险因素研究

Analysis of clinical features and risk factors of Mycoplasma pneumonia in children

目的分析儿童支原体肺炎(MP)的临床特征,并探讨其危险因素。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2023年8月本院儿科收治的187例肺炎患儿的资料,根据是否为MP分成MP组和对照组。对2组患儿基本信息、临床特征、胸部听诊情况、影像学和实验室检测资料予以比较,利用Logistic回归分析筛查MP发生的相关因素。结果45例(24.1%)发生MP。MP组年龄、支原体感染史比例、发病季节、发热比例、肺部大片状高密度影比例、白细胞计数>12×10^(9)/L比例、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)≤1.2比例和对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄4~12岁(OR=2.846、2.509)、有支原体感染史(OR=2.546)、发病季节为秋冬季(OR=2.319、2.696)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)≤1.2(OR=3.079)为MP发生的危险因素。结论年龄4~12岁、有支原体感染史、发病季节为秋冬季、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)低下为MP发生的危险因素。故为预防MP发生,需针对上述因素开展精准干预。

Objective To analyze the clinical features of Mycoplasma pneumonia(MP)in children and explore its risk factors.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 187 children with pneumonia admitted to the pediatric department of our hospital from January 2017 to August 2023.They were separated into an MP group and a control group based on whether they were MPs.Basic information,clinical features,chest auscultation,imaging,and laboratory testing data were compared between the two groups.Logistic regression analysis was applied to screen for factors related to the occurrence of MP.Results 45 cases(24.1%)experienced MP.There were differences between the MP group and the control group in terms of age,proportion of Mycoplasma infection history,the season of onset,proportion of fever,proportion of large high-density shadows in the lungs,proportion of white blood cell count>12×10^(9)/L,and proportion of CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)≤1.2(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that age of 4~12 years old(OR=2.846,2.509),history of mycoplasma infection(OR=2.546),onset in autumn and winter(OR=2.319,2.696),and CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)≤1.2(OR=3.079)were risk factors for MP occurrence.Conclusion Age of 4~12 years old,history of Mycoplasma infection,onset in autumn and winter,and low CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)are risk factors for the occurrence of MP.Therefore,to prevent the occurrence of MP,precise interventions need to be carried out based on the above factors.