钌基单原子和团簇催化剂用于电催化碱性析氢反应

Ru-based Single-atom and Cluster Catalysts for Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

近年来,单原子催化剂(SAC)因其原子利用率高,金属负载量低而得到广泛研究.然而,由于单原子表面自由能过高,原子处在不稳定状态,在合成或催化过程中易发生团聚,对于碱性析氢反应(HER)的活性不是很高.但将单原子与具有不同活性位点的团簇结合起来一定程度上可突破SAC在反应中间体等方面的瓶颈.SAC和团簇催化剂相互竞争产生的协同效应可以显著提高催化剂的性能.我们针对钌基单原子和团簇催化剂在HER方面的研究进行了概述,同时对碱性HER的机理进行简要分析,最后提出了碱性HER Ru基催化剂面临的挑战.

In recent years,single-atom catalysts(SAC)have been widely studied because of their high atomic utilization and low metal loading.However,due to the high surface free energy of SAC,the atoms are in an unstable state and are easily to agglomerate during synthesis or catalysis process.The activity of ruthenium(Ru)SACs for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is not very high.Combining single atom and clusters with different active sites can break through the bottleneck of single atom catalysis in reaction intermediates to some extent.The synergistic competition effect between SAC and cluster catalyst can significantly improve catalyst performance.Herein,the research of ruthenium single atom and cluster catalysts on alkaline HER is reviewed,and the mechanism of alkaline HER is briefly described.Finally,the challenges faced by alkaline HER Ru-based catalysts are presented.