水基型灭火剂扑救液体火灾关键性能对比研究

Comparative study on the key performance of water-based types extinguishing agent for liquid fire

为了进一步规范泡沫灭火剂和水系灭火剂等水基型灭火剂的适用火灾类型和灭火应用场景,厘清对上述两类灭火剂的认识误区,选择应用广泛的水成膜泡沫灭火剂和水系灭火剂,按照GB 15308-2006《泡沫灭火剂》规定的标准试验方法对表面张力、界面张力、发泡倍数、25%析液时间以及灭火性能进行对比试验研究。研究结果表明,水基型灭火剂使用泡沫产生装置应用时,水成膜泡沫灭火剂的关键性能特别是灭液体火效果优于水系灭火剂,绝大多数水系灭火剂达不到对于液体火灾的理想扑救效果。因此,基于对比试验结果和产品标准对水基型灭火剂的性能要求,建议水系灭火剂应用场景为充装水基型灭火器、扑救固体和液体初起火灾,泡沫灭火剂则应结合固定式泡沫灭火系统和消防车等移动式灭火装备,扑救石油化工储罐等场景下的大型液体火灾。

In order to further standardize the applicable fire types and fire extinguishing application scenarios of water-based types extinguishing agents such as foam extinguishing agents and water based extinguishing agents,clarify the misunderstanding of the above two types fire extinguishing agents,select the widely used aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent and water based extinguishing agent,according to the standard test method stipu-lated in GB 15308-2006 Foam extinguishing agent,the com-parative test of surface tension,interface tension,expansion,25%drainage time and fire extinguishing performance were stud-ied.The results show that when the foam generating device is used for water-based type extinguishing agents,the key perfor-mance of aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent,espe-cially the effect of liquid fire extinguishing,is better than that of water based extinguishing agents,and most of the water based ex-tinguishing agents can not achieve the effect of liquid fire fighting.Therefore,based on the comparative test results and product stan-dard performance requirements of water-based types extinguish-ing agent,suggested that the application scenarios of water based extinguishing agent is to fill water-based fire extinguishers,to fight solid and liquid early fire,and foam extinguishing agent should be combined with fixed foam fire extinguishing system and mobile fire fighting equipment like fire truck to fight the large liq-uid fire of petrochemical tank scenarios.