中强筋春小麦品种西优麦1号选育报告

Breeding Report on the Medium-strong Gluten Spring Wheat Variety Xiyoumai 1

为实现甘肃小麦新品种改良,将优质强筋和高产结合起来育种,以固82-68为母本、Z0022-5-5-2为父本进行有性杂交,经过有性杂交选育、系谱选育以及高世代结合高分量麦谷蛋白检测等多种育种方法培育而成春小麦新品种西优麦1号。在2021—2022年进行的甘肃省旱地春小麦新品种区域试验中,西优麦1号2 a 10点(次)平均折合产量为2532.90 kg/hm^(2),较对照品种西旱2号增产9.81%。在2023年进行的甘肃省旱地春小麦品种生产试验中,西优麦1号平均折合产量为3054.00 kg/hm^(2),较对照品种西旱2号增产8.84%。该品种属春性,生育期102 d,株型紧凑,田间长相清秀,熟相好,成穗数295.5万穗/hm^(2),穗粒数35.7粒,千粒重为35.8 g,容重为769 g/L。籽粒含粗蛋白(干基)172.7 g/kg,湿面筋(14%湿基)395.0 g/kg,商品性好,品质达到国家优质中强筋小麦标准。田间表现中感条锈病和白粉病。适宜在甘肃中部旱地春麦区及生态条件类似的西北雨养农业干旱半干旱地区种植。

To achieve the improvement of new wheat varieties in Gansu,a breeding program combining high-quality strong gluten and high yield was conducted.Xiyoumai 1,a new spring wheat variety,was bred through crossbreeding between Gu 82-68 as the female parent and Z0022-5-5-2 as the male parent,followed by pedigree selection,hybridization,and high-generation gluten content testing.In the 2021 to 2022 regional experiment for new spring wheat varieties in Gansu s dryland areas,Xiyoumai1 showed an average yield of 2532.90 kg/ha among 10 experimental sites,an increase of 9.81%to that of the control variety,Xihan 2.In the 2023 production experiment,the average yield of Xiyoumai1 was 3054.00 kg/ha,8.84%higher than that of the control.It is a spring variety with a growth period of 102 days,compact plant type,and good field appearance.It produces 2.955 million spikes per hectare,35.7 grains per spike,with a thousand-grain weight of 35.8 g and a bulk density of 769 g/L.The grain contains 172.7 g/kg of crude protein(dry basis)and 395.0 g/kg of wet gluten(14%wet basis),meeting the national standard for high-quality medium-strong gluten wheat.It shows moderate resistance to stripe rust and powdery mildew in the field and is suitable for cultivation in Gansu's central dryland spring wheat areas and similar ecological regions in the semi-arid,rain-fed agricultural areas of northwestern China.