木醋液-黄腐酸尿素叶面肥对玉米幼苗生长情况的影响

Effect of Wood Vinegar Urea Humic Acid Foliar Fertilizer on the Growth of Maize Seedlings

以杨木和果木的混合木醋液为原料,采用树脂AD300、AD-8、AD-101、沸石和硅藻土为填料,利用树脂层析分离法精制木醋液,并以低温络合技术制备了木醋液-黄腐酸尿素叶面肥(WVFAU)。通过盆栽试验,探讨了WVFAU对玉米幼苗生长情况的影响。研究结果表明:树脂AD300、AD-8和AD-1013种填料层析柱处理均有较好地木醋液去酚效果,树脂AD300去酚率最高,可达83.0%,而沸石和硅藻土会减少木醋液中酸类物质的含量,去酚效果不明显;将不同体积分数树脂AD300处理后的去酚木醋液和未处理的有酚木醋液喷施于玉米幼苗,去酚木醋液可一定程度上减缓对玉米幼苗生长的抑制作用和提高玉米幼苗的叶绿素含量,促进玉米幼苗的生长。与喷施自来水的对照组相比,喷施WVFAU的玉米幼苗株高、叶绿素相对量(SPAD)、过氧化物酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性、可溶性蛋白及可溶性糖,平均增加了23.3%、31.2%、42.3%、17.0%、103.19%和5.9%,丙二醛的量平均降低了9.1%,作物硝态氮的量平均增加44.2%,综合提高了玉米幼苗的抗逆性和光合作用。

Using wood vinegar from poplar and fruit trees as raw materials,and resin AD300,AD-8,AD-101,zeolite,and diatomaceous earth as fillers,the chromatography separation method was adopted to refine wood vinegar,and the low-temperature complexation technology was used to prepare wood vinegar humic acid urea foliar fertilizer(WVUFA).The effect of WVUFA on the growth of maize seedlings was explored through pot experiments.The research results showed that resin AD300,AD-8,and AD-101 had good phenol removal effects on wood vinegar.And resin AD300 had the highest phenol removal rate of 83.0%.Zeolite and diatomaceous earth reduced the content of acidic substances in wood vinegar,and the phenol removal effect was not significant.The dephenolized wood vinegar solution treated with resin AD300 of different volume concentrations and untreated phenolic wood vinegar solution were sprayed on maize seedlings.The dephenolized wood vinegar could alleviate the inhibitory effect on maize seedling growth to a certain extent and increase the chlorophyll content of maize seedlings,which could promote their growth.The height,relative chlorophyll content,peroxidase activity,soluble protein,and soluble sugar content of maize seedlings sprayed with WVUFA increased by an average of 23.3%,31.2%,42.3%,103.9%,and 5.9%compared to the group sprayed with tap water.The malondialdehyde content decreased by an average of 9.1%,and the nitrate nitrogen content of crops increased by an average of 44.2%,which comprehensively improved the stress resistance and photosynthesis of maize seedlings.