拉曼和太赫兹光谱技术在胶质瘤诊断中的应用及展望

Application and prospects of Raman and terahertz spectroscopy in the diagnosis of glioma

胶质瘤是最常见的原发性颅内肿瘤,具有极强的侵袭性和异质性,高达90%的原位复发率严重影响了患者的生活质量,并缩短了他们的生存期。为减少复发,胶质瘤切除术需要在保护脑功能的前提下尽可能切除瘤体并采取早期综合治疗。术中精确定位胶质瘤的边界和进行分子分型是实现这一治疗目标的关键。目前临床上广泛应用的病理学检测方法耗时长且很大程度上依赖临床医师和病理医师的主观判断。拉曼和太赫兹光谱都具有反映生物大分子结构的能力,在胶质瘤诊断领域得到广泛应用;二者在技术特点上的互补性可以帮助医师在术中精准定位胶质瘤边界的同时实现术中快速定性,以帮助医师采取合适的治疗手段。本文主要概括近年来拉曼光谱和太赫兹光谱技术在胶质瘤领域的研究进展和局限性,总结拉曼光谱-太赫兹光谱技术联用的研究现状及在胶质瘤诊断领域的研究进展,进一步展望二者联用在胶质瘤领域的发展前景。

Glioma is the most common primary intracranial tumor,with strong invasiveness and heterogeneity in its biological behavior.Glioma patients have a poor quality of life and a short survival time with a high probability of up to 90%recurrence rate in the original site.To reduce recurrence,glioma resection surgery needs to remove the tumor body as much as possible while protecting brain function and adopting early comprehensive treatment.Accurate intraoperative localization of glioma boundaries and molecular typing is a prerequisite for achieving this diagnostic and therapeutic goal.Currently,the most widely used pathological detection methods in clinical practice are time-consuming and rely largely on the subjective judgments of clinical and pathological physicians.Raman and terahertz spectroscopy can reflect the structure of biological macromolecules,and are widely used in the field of glioma diagnosis,and the complementarity of their technical characteristics can help neurosurgeons accurately locate the boundaries of gliomas during surgery while achieving rapid qualitative analysis to assist physicians in adopting appropriate treatment methods.This review mainly summarizes the recent research progress of Raman and terahertz technologies and their limitations in the treatment of gliomas,with a focus on their combined use and research value in the field of glioma diagnosis.Prospects of the combination of these two methods in the field of glioma treatment are also discussed.