12例奶牛输卵管疾病引起不孕的病例诊断与分析

Diagnosis and analysis of 12 cases of infertility by fallopian tube diseases in dairy cattle

目的目前,随着奶牛单产水平的提高,繁殖疾病对奶牛的不孕影响日益凸显,而输卵管疾病容易被忽视。方法为了明确奶牛输卵管疾病基本的诊断思路,本研究对新疆地区部分规模化奶牛场476头难孕牛进行了病史调查、直肠触诊与B超检查,并跟踪屠宰取样,完成生殖器官观察、病理解剖、灌注输卵管和组织病理学检查等研究工作。结果单纯输卵管疾病5例,子宫疾病并发输卵管疾病3例,卵巢疾病并发输卵管疾病4例。12例输卵管疾病奶牛中,有5例经直肠触诊、超声检查和剖检观察没有发现任何异常,但是灌注输卵管仅出现轻微阻力,组织病理学检查显示输卵管粘膜纤毛细胞已有少量脱落。超声结合直肠触诊较单独直肠触诊的准确性提高至58.3%(7/12)。结论研究结果对奶牛场繁殖疾病的诊断和预防提供了参考依据。

Objective With the increase in the level of yield of dairy cattle,the impact of reproductive diseases on the infertility of dairy cattle has become increasingly prominent,and oviductal diseases are easily neglected.Methods In order to clarify the basic diagnostic ideas of the fallopian tube diseases in dairy cattle.The research was conducted on 476 infertile dairy cattle in large-scale dairy farms in Xinjiang.The study involved medical history investigation,rectal examination,and B-ultrasound scanning diagnosis.Follow-up slaughter sampling was performed to complete morphological examinations such as organ appearance observation,pathological anatomy,fallopian tube irrigation,and histopathological examination.Results The study revealed that out of the 12 cases of cows with fallopian tube disease,there were 5 cases of simple fallopian tube disease,3 cases of uterine disease complicated by fallopian tube disease,and 4 cases of ovarian disease complicated by fallopian tube disease.Among these cases,5 did not exhibit any abnormalities during rectal palpation,ultrasonic examination,and necropsy.However,there was a slight resistance observed during the perfusion of the fallopian tubes,and histopathological examination indicated the presence of a small quantity of fallen ciliated cells in the fallopian tube mucosa.The accuracy of rectal palpation was improved to 58.3%(7/12)when combined with ultrasound,compared to rectal palpation alone.Conclusion The research results provide a reference basis for the diagnosis and prevention of reproductive diseases in dairy farms.