海南普通野生稻遗传多样性分析及核心种质构建

Genetic Diversity Analysis and Core Germplasm Construction of Oryza rufipogon Griff.in Hainan

为摸清海南省众多普通野生稻材料之间的亲缘关系,发掘具有代表性的样本,本研究利用32个SSR标记,对来自海南省11个不同市县的2038份海南普通野生稻资源进行遗传多样性分析及核心种质构建。结果显示,平均有效等位基因(Ne,Number of effective alleles)为2.479,丰富度Shannon指数(I,Shannon entropy index)为0.975,Nei′s基因多样性(h,Nei′s genetic diversity)为0.570,多态性位点百分比为96.27%,表明海南普通野生稻的遗传多样性十分丰富。不同地方来源的海南普通野生稻遗传多样性存在差异,来自临高的海南普通野生稻丰富度最高,琼海的普通野生稻遗传丰富度最低,其变异主要集中在群体内部。群体结构分析显示当K=2时,Delta K值最高,将2038份海南普通野生稻资源分成2个类群,第Ⅰ类群有1145份资源,分别来源于海口、澄迈、儋州、三亚、万宁、琼海、临高、陵水、乐东、东方,第Ⅱ类群有893份资源,分别来源于海口、文昌和澄迈。利用居群优先及多次聚类的方法构建海南普通野生稻核心种质192份,占总资源(2038份)的9.42%,核心种质的Shannon指数(I)保留了102.46%,Nei′s基因多样性(h)保留了104.39%,有效降低了原始种质的遗传冗余度和遗传差异上的重复。海南普通野生稻核心种质代表了原种质的遗传多样性和特异性,为海南普通野生稻资源的有效利用提供材料。

In order to understand the genetic relationships among numerous materials of common wild rice in Hainan province and explore representative samples,this study used 32 pairs of SSR markers to conduct genetic diversity analysis and core germplasm construction on 2038 samples of Hainan common wild rice from 11 different cities and counties in Hainan province.The results showed that the average effective allele(Ne)was 2.479,the richness Shannon index(I)was 0.975,the Nei′s gene diversity(h)was 0.570,and the percentage of polymorphic loci was 96.27%,indicating that the genetic diversity of Hainan ordinary wild rice is very rich.There are differences in genetic diversity among Hainan common wild rice from different sources.Common wild rice from Lingao has the highest genetic diversity,while Qionghai common wild rice has the lowest genetic diversity,and its variation is mainly concentrated within the population.The analysis of population structure showed that when K=2,the Delta K value was the highest.2038 ordinary wild rice resources from Hainan were divided into two groups.The subgroupⅠhas 1145 resources,which come from Haikou,Chengmai,Danzhou,Sanya,Wanning,Qionghai,Lingao,Lingshui,Ledong,and Dongfang,respectively.The subgroupⅡhas 893 resources,which come from Haikou,Wenchang and Chengmai,respectively.192 core germplasm of Hainan common wild rice were constructed using population first and multiple clustering methods,accounting for 9.42%of the total resources(2038).The Shannon index(I)of the core germplasm was retained by 102.46%,and the Nei′s gene diversity(h)was retained by 104.39%,effectively reducing the genetic redundancy and duplication of genetic differences in the original germplasm.The core germplasm of Hainan common wild rice represents the genetic diversity and specificity of the original germplasm,and provides materials for the effective utilization of Hainan common wild rice resources.