小儿心脏肿瘤超声心动图术前诊断准确性及术后早期结果

Accuracy of Echocardiographic Diagnosis and the Short-term Post-operative Outcome of Pediatric Cardiac Tumors

目的:总结心脏肿瘤患儿的超声心动图诊断经验和外科手术治疗的早期结果。方法:回顾性分析2018年1月至2023年6月期间在中国医学科学院阜外医院行超声心动图检查并诊断为心脏肿瘤的患儿27例,总结其临床表现、超声心动图特点、外科手术情况及早期结果。结果:27例患儿中男性16例,年龄1个月至11岁,平均(3.2±2.5)岁;体重5.7~40.0 kg,平均(17.2±11.2) kg;其中病理证实为心脏肿瘤25例,包括纤维瘤14例,横纹肌瘤5例,粘液瘤3例,脂肪瘤2例,血管瘤1例,超声心动图与病理诊断一致共14例。超声心动图将2例非肿瘤病变误诊为肿瘤。所有患儿均接受了外科手术治疗,术后2例患儿出现并发症并进行外科处理,术后恢复良好。随访29.8(6.5,72.0)个月,无死亡病例,1例粘液瘤患儿复发。结论:部分心脏肿瘤患儿具有特征性的超声心动图表现,需要不断总结以提高诊断的准确率。良性心脏肿瘤患儿手术短期结果良好。

Objectives:To summarize the experience of echocardiographic diagnosis and the short-term post-operative outcome of children with cardiac tumors.Methods:A total of 27 infants and children,who underwent echocardiography examination and were preliminarily diagnosed with cardiac tumors in Fuwai Hospital from January 2018 to June 2023,were retrospectively included in this study.Clinical symptoms,echocardiographic results,surgical and perioperative results and early outcomes were analyzed.Results:Among the 27 patients,16 were males.The age ranged from 1 month to 11 years(mean age:[3.2±2.5]years)and the body weight ranged from 5.7 to 40.0 kg(mean body weight:[17.2±11.2]kg).Cardiac tumors were pathologically confirmed in 25 cases,including 14 cases of fibroma,5 cases of rhabdomyoma,3 cases of myxoma,2 cases of lipoma,1 case of hemangioma.Preoperative echocardiographic diagnosis was consistent with postoperative pathologic diagnosis in 14 cases.Nontumor lesions were misdiagnosed as tumors by echocardiography in 2 cases.All the patients underwent surgery,complications occurred in 2 cases early post surgery and underwent reoperations and recovered well.There were no deaths during a median follow-up of 29.8(6.5,72.0)months,recurrence occurred in one child with myxoma.Conclusions:Pediatric patients with cardiac tumors have specific echocardiographic manifestations.It is necessary to sum up related experience constantly to improve the diagnostic accuracy.Short-term outcome post-surgery is satisfactory for the treatment of benign pediatric cardiac tumors.