鱼类多功能剖切机设计

Design of Multifunctional Fish Slitting Machine

剖切是鱼类初加工的关键环节之一,目前国内鱼类剖切工艺需通过不同加工装备完成,存在作业功能单一等问题。为此,围绕罗非鱼、鲈鱼、黑鱼、草鱼等鱼类的剖切加工需求,设计了鱼类多功能剖切机,主要由进鱼导轨、输送系统、剖切系统、出料斗和机架组成;通过输送系统实现对鱼体两侧的夹持和输送,然后由剖切系统完成剖切模式的调整和鱼体的剖切。为实现多功能剖切的效果,提出了双刀片组合式鱼类剖切方法,通过两个对称刀片的不同组合和上下位置调节,能够实现鱼类背开、腹开、二枚开和三枚开共4种剖切形式。通过对鱼体剖切过程进行受力分析,建立了鱼体剖切的力学模型,获得了影响鱼体被持续剖切的主要影响因素。该机可适应不同种类和不同规格的鱼类,降低水产加工成本和肉质损耗,能够满足鱼类剖切环节对多功能、实用化的需求。

Slitting is one of the key links of fish preliminary processing.At present,the domestic fish slitting process needs to be completed through different processing equipment,which has the problem of single operation function.Therefore,a multi-functional fish slitting machine was designed to meet the slitting processing requirements of tilapia,perch,snakehead,grass carp and other fish,which was mainly composed of fish feeding guide rail,conveying system,slitting system,discharge hopper and frame;The two sides of the fish body were clamped and transported through the conveying system,and then the slitting mode was adjusted and the fish body is cut by the slitting system.In order to achieve the effect of multi-functional slitting,a double blade combined fish slitting method was proposed.Through the different combinations of two symmetrical blades and the adjustment of the upper and lower positions,the fish can be divided into four types:back open,abdominal open,two-piece open and three piece open.Through the force analysis of the fish body slitting process,the mechanical model of fish body cutting was established,and the main influencing factors of fish body cutting were obtained.The machine can adapt to different types and specifications of fish,reduce the cost of aquatic processing and meat quality loss,and meet the multi-functional and practical needs of fish slitting.