基于多源数据融合的第三次全国土壤普查样点校核优化技术探索与实践

Exploration and Practice of Verification and Optimization Technology for Surface Sample Sites of the Third National Soil Census Based on Multisource Data Fusion Method

第三次全国土壤普查是关乎经济、社会、生态高质量发展的一次重要国情国力调查。其中,样点布设校核和优化加密是土壤三普中最基础的工作,是外业调查采样和成果制备的前提。受基础数据现势性和样点预布设方式局限性的影响,国家下发的样点存在土地利用类型发生变化、道路可达性较差和样点密度不足等问题。文章围绕样点校核优化工作的重难点,充分应用遥感、地理信息系统等高新技术手段,提出一种基于多源数据融合的样点校核优化技术流程,并实践应用于溧阳市土壤普查工作,极大提高了样点校核的准确性与工作效率,为土壤普查工作形成了可复制、可推广的经验。

The Third National Soil Survey is a crucial national investigation that pertains to the high-quality development of the economy,society,and ecology.Among these,the verification and optimization of soil sampling points are the most fundamental tasks,serving as prerequisites for field investigations,sample collection,and the preparation of survey results.Due to limitations in the timeliness of basic data and the pre-established sampling point allocation method,issues such as changes in land use types,poor accessibility to sampling points due to road conditions,and insufficient sampling point density have been observed in the sampling points issued by the national authorities.This article focuses on the key challenges and difficulties related to the verification and optimization of sampling points,and it extensively utilizes advanced technologies such as remote sensing and geographic information systems(GIS).Furthermore,it introduces a sample point verification and optimization workflow based on the fusion of multi-source data.It applied this methodology in the soil survey work in Liyang City,which significantly improved the accuracy and efficiency of sample point verification.This experience has laid the foundation for creating a replicable and scalable approach to soil survey work.