侧切状态下篮球运动员下肢生物力学特征及影响因素研究

Biomechanical Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Lower Limbs of Basketball Players under Lateral Cutting State

篮球运动中存在大量的侧切动作,侧切动作的不同模式会对运动员的下肢各关节形成不同的影响。本文以10位达到国家二级运动员水平的男性篮球运动员为研究对象,分析了后足落地、中足落地、前足落地3种不同侧切状态下篮球运动员下肢(膝关节)的生物力学特征。结果表明,采用后足落地侧切形式时,人体下肢膝关节峰值屈曲角度、活动度、反作用力峰值均更高,此时人体下肢更容易出现运动损伤;采用前足落地侧切形式时,更不容易出现运动损伤,且侧切变向、蹬伸效果更好。

There are a large number of lateral cutting in basketball,and different modes of lateral cutting can have different effects on the joints of athletes'lower limbs.This article took 10 male basketball players who have reached the level of national second level athletes as the research objects,and analyzed the biomechanical characteristics of the lower limbs(knee joints)of basketball players under three different lateral cutting states:hind foot landing,midfoot landing,and forefoot landing.The results show that when using the lateral cutting form of the hind foot landing,the peak flexion angle,range of motion,and peak reaction force of the human lower limb knee joint are higher,and the human lower limb is more prone to sports injuries at this time.When using the forefoot landing lateral cutting form,it is less likely to cause sports injuries,and the lateral shear direction and kicking extension effect are better.