社区社会组织介入民族地区城乡互惠共生发展实践研究

Research on Community Social Organizations'Involvement in the Development of Urban-Rural Mutualism in Ethnic Areas

破解民族地区城乡发展差异、推动城乡互惠融合发展是新时代少数民族地区开展中国式现代化、实现中华民族伟大复兴的重要举措。基于城乡互惠共生理论,坚持新内生发展理念,运用半结构式访谈、参与式观察等方法,对云南省昆明市SG城乡互助项目的发生过程和运行机理进行了细致剖析。研究认为,SG城乡互助社将城乡社区两个共生单元进行了点对点链接,开展了具有一定规律性的城乡互惠合作实践,呈现出一种连续共生状态。与外源力量直接介入相比,社区社会组织侧重于挖掘地方性知识和本土化资源,遵循平等互利、合作共赢原则,引导内外资源联动,实现了共生单元之间、共生单元与共生环境之间的连续性互惠共生。由于点对点互惠共生具有明显的随机性和偶然性,城乡一体化对称性互惠共生才是城乡互惠共生发展的理想模式和最终进化方向。为此,民族地区城乡互惠融合发展可以借鉴SG城乡互助社的运作逻辑,通过结合政府、市场、高校、社会组织等外源性力量的介入,打造一个具有高密度、高关联、持续性的城乡一体化互惠共生体。

Bridging the urban-rural development gap and promoting integrated and reciprocal urban-rural development in ethnic areas constitute a crucial measure for those areas to construct the Chinese path to modernization and achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in the new era.Based on the theory of urban-rural mutualism and the concept of new endogenous development,this paper makes a detailed analysis of the occurrence process and operation mechanism of an urban-rural mutual assistance project in SG community of Kunming,Yunnan Province by means of semi-structured interviews and participatory observation.According to the research,the SG rural-urban mutual association links two mutualism units respectively in urban and rural communities and carries out rural-urban practice of mutualistic cooperation with certain regularity,forming a continuous state of mutualism.Compared with the direct intervention from exogenous forces,community social organizations are more oriented to tap local knowledge and resources,observe the principles of equality,mutual benefit and win-win cooperation,and induce the linkage of internal and external resources to achieve a continuous mutualism between the mutualistic units,also between the mutualistic units and their environment.Due to the obvious randomness and contingency of point-to-point mutualism,the symmetrical mutualism of urban-rural integration is the ideal pattern and the ultimate evolution direction for the development of urban-rural mutualism.Therefore,the operational logic of SG Rural-urban mutual assistance association can serve as reference for ethnic areas to create a mutualism of urban-rural integration with high density,correlation and sustainability facilitated by the involvement of external forces such as government,market,universities,and social organization.