商与远方——商代高放射性成因铅资源时空演变与流通模式的初步探索

Shang and Beyond:Preliminary Exploration on the Evolution and Circulation Pattern of the Highly Radiogenic Lead Resources in the Shang Dynasty

商代高放射性成因铅资源并非铁板一块,它的内部演变更在区域之间基本同步。本报告初步梳理了商时期中原与周边地区铅料资源的演变情况,将高放射性成因铅资源归纳为HRL(A)、HRL(B)两组类型,HRL(A)组以郑州商城等为代表,HRL(B)组主要包括洹北商城,安阳、晋西、四川等地同时包含这两组类型。商文化都邑、四土、四方的青铜器在高放射性成因铅资源的使用和变迁上基本保持同音共律的现象,暗示这一特殊资源有着共同来源。简单的中心—边缘模型无法解释商与远方青铜文明间的复杂互动,似乎不存在一个仅受商文化核心区单一影响的模型。尤其晚商时期,一些商文化的半边缘或边缘地区崛起成为新的区域中心。以上的初步分析揭示出了早商时期“二里岗风格”背后的地区特色以及晚商时期“区域风格”背后的内在关联。

The internal evolution of highly radiogenic lead resources in Shang dynasty is basically synchronous among regions.Our study introduces the general evolution laws of highly radiogenic lead resources among the Central Plains and its surrounding areas through Shang dynasty,and divides highly radiogenic lead resources into two groups.HRL(A)is represented by Erligang bronzes unearthed in Zhengzhou and Panlongcheng,and HRL(B)mainly includes bronzes from Huanbei.Anyang,the Loess Plateau,and Sanxingdui all have located these two sets of data.The phenomenon that the utilization and transition of highly radiogenic lead resources in the core,semi-periphery and periphery areas of Shang culture are basically in sync implies that this special resource has a single source.The simple core-edge model can't explain the complex interaction between Shang and surrounding bronze civilizations.There seems to be no model that is only influenced by the core areas of Shang culture.Especially during the late Shang dynasty,the previous pattern was broken and reorganized,some peripheral areas rose to become new regional centers.This study reveals the regional characteristics behind"Erligang style"in early Shang dynasty,as well as the internal relations behind various"regional style"in the late Shang dynasty.