“十七年”中国电影在越南的传播(1949—1966)

17 Years of Chinese Films in Vietnam(1949—1966)

“十七年”中国电影在越南的传播为两国曾经共同奋斗的岁月提供了一个生动注脚。当时中国电影在越南放映传播的主要形式有露天电影与流动放映队、电影院与中国电影周以及大使馆与“外交点映”等,其中露天电影与流动放映队完成了越南绝大多数人口的电影覆盖,不仅宣传了反美帝国主义,还介绍了中国社会主义事业新成就。其时在越南上映的中国电影极具时效性、题材丰富类型多样、具有越南传播特色,这些电影亦对越南电影产生了深刻影响。中国电影在越南传播能够获得成功,主要在于两国对电影意识形态功能认知一致、两国历史文化相近相通、在文化上共同抵资抗美、帮助越南革命切实推进等原因。“十七年”中国电影对越传播为“同志加兄弟”般的中越关系发展贡献了力量,国家顶层重视、无私援助越南,文化全面合作、追求平等互信,“人民性”文艺思想灌注中国电影创作始终等,这些经验对于当今如何做好中越电影交流与合作具有历史借鉴意义。

The dissemination of Chinese films in Vietnam during the"17 years"provides a vivid footnote to the years of common struggle between the two countries.At that time,Chinese films were shown in Vietnam in the forms of open-air films,mobile screening teams,cinemas,Chinese Film Week,show in embassies,and"Diplomatic Point-of-Sight",etc.Among them,open-air films and mobile screening teams completed the coverage of the vast majority of the population in Vietnam,not only propagandizing the anti-U.S.imperialism activities,but also introducing the new achievements of China's socialist cause.The Chinese films released in Vietnam at that time were very timely and they were rich in subject matter,diverse in genres,and characterized by Vietnamese dissemination,so that these films had a profound impact on Vietnamese cinema.The success of Chinese films in Vietnam was mainly due to the fact that the two countries shared the same understanding of the ideological function of cinema,the similarity of history and culture between the two countries,the common cultural resistance to the U.S.,and the help for the Vietnamese revolution.The"17 years"of Chinese film dissemination to Vietnam have contributed to the development of the"comrades and brothers"relationship between the two countries.There are several experiences which have historical significance for the Sino-Vietnamese film exchange and cooperation today,such as state support at the top level,selfless assistance from China to Vietnam,cooperation in all aspects of culture,pursuit of equality and mutual trust,and the idea of"the nature of people"in literature and art.