杭州市儿童百日咳流行特点及传播相关因素调查

目的探讨杭州儿童百日咳流行特点及传播相关因素。方法回顾性分析2022年1月至2023年12月396例杭州市儿童医院确诊为百日咳患儿的流行特点及部分家庭密切接触者的临床资料,分析杭州儿童百日咳流行特点及传播相关因素。结果本院2022年共诊断百日咳313例;2023年共诊断百日咳83例。检测住院百日咳患儿92例及134例家庭密切接触者的核酸发现,家庭密切接触者百日咳核酸阳性占61.9%,其中63例(75.9%)有咳嗽症状,58例(95%)咳嗽症状轻,均未曾诊断为百日咳,并且多数无自行到医院就诊史或仅服“止咳药”。结论2022-2023年杭州地区百日咳患儿明显增多,家庭密切接触者以祖辈和母亲为主要的传染源,并大多轻微咳嗽或者无症状。

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of pertussis in children in Hangzhou and the factors related to its transmission.Methods To retrospectively analyse the epidemiological characteristics of 396 children diagnosed with pertussis in Hangzhou Children's Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 and the clinical data of some close family contacts,and to summarize the epidemiological characteristics of whooping cough in children in Hangzhou and the factors related to its transmission.Results A total of 313 cases of pertussis were diagnosed in our hospital in 2022.83 cases of pertussis were diagnosed in 2023.Nucleic acid testing of 92 hospitalised children with pertussis and 134 close family contacts revealed that 61.9%of the close family contacts were positive for pertussis,of which 63 cases(75.9%)had coughing symptoms,58 cases(95%)had mild coughing symptoms,none of them had ever been diagnosed with whooping cough,and most of them did not have a history of going to the hospital on their own,or were only taking"cough suppressants".None of them had been diagnosed with pertussis.Conclusion In 2022 and 2023,there was a significant increase in the number of children with pertussis in Hangzhou,with grandparents and mothers as the main sources of infection,and most of them had mild or asymptomatic coughs.