基于烯烃和炔烃的加成反应合成有机锗化合物的研究进展

Advances in the Synthesis of Organogermaniums Based on the Addition Reactions of Alkenes and Alkynes

有机锗化合物具有广泛的潜在应用价值,尤其在有机合成、药物化学和材料科学领域.然而,相较于其他碳族元素化学,有机锗化学的研究和发展长期以来相对零散和缓慢,近几年却越来越受到人们的关注.介绍通过烯烃和炔烃的加成反应合成有机锗化合物的研究进展,并按照锗与烯烃和炔烃的加成反应类型进行分类,重点介绍不同反应体系、反应机理以及合成方法.此外,对于研究过程中遇到的问题及未来的发展趋势也进行了展望.

Organogermanium compounds have a wide range of potential applications,especially in the fields of organic syn-thesis,medicinal chemistry and materials sciences.However,compared with the progress of other elements of the carbon fam-ily,the study and development of organogermanium chemistry have long been relatively scattered and sluggish,although it has attracted increasing attention from chemists in recent years.This review aims to introduce the research progress in the synthe-sis of organogermanium compounds via the addition reactions of alkenes and alkynes.The progress is classified according to the types of addition reactions of germanium with alkenes and alkynes,different reaction systems,reaction mechanisms and synthetic protocols.In addition,the problems encountered during the research process and future development trends are also prospected.