喉癌术后患者自我管理能力的影响因素及路径分析

Analysis of Influencing Factors and Pathways of Self-management Ability in Patients with Laryngeal Cancer After Surgery

目的 探讨喉癌术后患者自我管理能力影响因素及路径,旨在确定合理干预措施,提高其自我管理能力,促进病情恢复。方法 采用一般资料问卷、自我管理能力测定量表(ESCA)、疾病认知水平调查问卷、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)、自我效能感量表(GSES)、心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)对郑州大学第一附属医院2022年12月至2023年12月96例喉癌术后患者展开调查,采用单、多因素分析喉癌术后患者自我管理能力影响因素,并分析影响因素的作用路径。结果 96例喉癌术后患者ESCA总分为(88.34±12.14)分,处于中等水平;多元线性回归结果显示,年龄、疾病认知水平、家庭人均月收入、自我效能、社会支持水平、心理弹性、受教育程度是喉癌术后患者ESCA评分影响因素(P<0.05);模型显示,疾病认知水平、社会支持水平、心理弹性对喉癌术后患者自我管理能力有直接影响,亦可通过自我效能对患者自我管理能力产生间接影响(P<0.05)。结论 年龄、疾病认知水平、家庭人均月收入、自我效能、社会支持水平、心理弹性、受教育程度对喉癌术后患者自我管理能力有影响效应,临床可据此制定针对性干预措施,促进患者病情改善。

Objective To explore the influencing factors and pathways of self-management ability of patients with laryngeal cancer after surgery,in order to determine reasonable prevention and treatment measures,improve their self-management ability and promote disease recovery.Methods A total of 96 patients with laryngeal cancer in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,from December 2022 to December 2023 were investigated by general data questionnaire,exercise of self-care agency scale(ESCA),disease cognition questionnaire,perceptive social support scale(PSSS),general self-efficacy scale(GSES)and Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC).Single and multiple factors were used to analyze the factors affecting the self-management ability of patients with laryngeal cancer after surgery,and the pathways of the influencing factors were analyzed.Results The total ESCA score of 96 patients with laryngeal cancer was 88.34±12.14,which was in the middle level.Multiple linear regression results showed that age,disease cognition level,family per capita monthly income,self-efficacy,social support level,mental resilience and education level were the influencing factors for ESCA score of laryngeal cancer patients after surgery(P<0.05).The model showed that disease cognition level,social support level and mental resilience had direct effects on patients’self-management ability after laryngeal cancer surgery,and also had indirect effects on patients’self-management ability through self-efficacy(P<0.05).Conclusion Age,disease cognition level,family per capita monthly income,self-efficacy,social support level,psychological resilience and education level have an effect on the self-management ability of patients with laryngeal cancer after surgery,so targeted intervention measures can be developed to promote the improvement of patients’condition.