增温对林木生物量及其分配特征影响的研究进展

Effects of warming on biomass and allocation characteristic of forest trees:A review

林木生物量及其分配特征是研究全球变暖对森林生态系统影响的重要指标,反映了林木在全球变暖背景下的生长状况,其变化也揭示了森林生态系统的碳循环和分配动态。林木生物量及其分配特征对全球变暖的响应是全球变化研究的热点和难点之一,国内外已经开展了大量的相关研究工作。目前,部分研究认为增温会显著增加林木生物量,并且在高纬度和高海拔地区增温使植物物候改变,生长季延长,生物量增加;但也有研究认为增温对林木生物量并没有显著影响。此外,还有研究认为,增温会通过减少地上生物量的分配而增加地下生物量,但林木生物量及其分配如何响应气候变暖以及这些响应可能的机制仍未得到充分研究。本文系统阐述了全球变暖背景下林木生物量及其分配特征变化的研究进展,以期为林木生物量变化的深入研究和林木对全球变化的响应和适应机制研究提供参考,并认为今后还应加强以下几个方面的研究:(1)采用多种增温方式探究气候变暖对林木生物量及其分配特征的影响;(2)探究林木物候模式或生长速率改变对林木生物量的影响;(3)加强增温与其他环境因子的综合作用对林木生物量及其分配特征的影响研究;(4)将模型模拟、室内模拟实验和野外原位增温实验相结合,提高研究的准确性。

Tree biomass and its allocation characteristics is an important indicator for studying the impact of global warming on forest ecosystems.It not only reflects tree growth under the background of global warming,but also reveals the carbon cycle and carbon allocation dynamics of forest ecosystems.The response of tree biomass and allocation characteristics to global warming is one of the hot and challenging topics in global change research.At present,some studies reported that warming would significantly increase tree biomass,change plant phenology,prolong the growing season,and increase the biomass in high latitude and altitude areas.In contrast,other studies found that warming has no significant effect on tree biomass.In addition,some studies reported that warming will increase belowground biomass by reducing the allocation of aboveground biomass.However,how forest tree biomass and allocation respond to climate warming and the underlying mechanisms have not been fully understood.Here,we systematically expound the research progress of changes in forest tree biomass and allocation characteristics under the background of global warming,aiming to provide reference for in-depth research on changes in forest tree biomass and on the response and adaptation mechanism of forests to global change.The following aspects should be strengthened in the future:(1)Examining the effects of climate warming on forest tree biomass and its allocation characteristics with various warming treatments;(2)The effects of changes in tree phenological patterns or growth rates on forest tree biomass;(3)The biomass and allocation characteristics of forest trees under the combined effects of warming and other environmental factors;(4)Improving the accuracy of research by combining model simulation,indoor simulation experiment and field in-situ warming experiment.