基于Landsat影像数据的包头市夏季城市热岛效应研究

Research on Urban Heat Island Effect in Baotou City Based on Landsat Image Data

随着城镇化进程的不断推进,城市热岛效应也在不断发展演变。以2013—2023年的包头市夏季4幅Landsat卫星影像数据为基础,使用基于大气校正法获取了包头市2013—2023年的地表温度反演结果图。结果表明:近11年包头市夏季平均温度和平均地面温度总体呈上升趋势,与反演结果表现一致;城市热岛分布范围不断扩大,热岛面积从2013—2016年迅速增长约35%,2016—2020年热岛面积增长减缓,约5%,2020—2023年热岛面积再次迅速扩增了约25%。在石拐区工业产业园区、九原新都市区出现新的热岛中心。同时,南海湿地、赛罕塔拉公园等区域对缓解热岛效应起到积极作用。在城市发展建设的过程中,应当将缓解热岛效应统筹考虑其中,进行合理的功能区规划,适当地增加城市水体和植被的面积则能够明显削弱城市热岛效应强度。

With the continuous advancement of urbanization,the urban heat island effect is also constantly developing and evolving.Based on four Landsat satellite image data from the summer of Baotou City from 2013 to 2023,the surface temperature inversion results of Baotou City from 2013 to 2023 were obtained using atmospheric correction method.The research results indicate that in the past 10 years,the average summer temperature and average ground temperature in Baotou City have shown an overall upward trend,which is consistent with the inversion results;The distribution range of urban heat islands is constantly expanding,with new heat island centers appearing in the industrial park of Shiguai District and the urban area of Jiuyuan Xindu.At the same time,the water bodies and vegetation in areas such as Nanhai Wetland and Saihantala Park play an important role in alleviating the heat island effect.In the process of urban development and construction,the mitigation of the heat island effect should be comprehensively considered for reasonable functional zone planning.Increasing the area of water bodies and vegetation in the city appropriately can significantly weaken the intensity of the urban heat island effect.