超越秘密:美国情报外交的演进及对华新策略

Beyond Secrecy:The Evolution of US Intelligence Diplomacy and Its New Approach to China

近年来,美国战略界倡导情报外交的概念,强调要超越传统的秘密情报范式,以更具战略公开性、手段协同性、技术现代化的方式发挥情报赋权外交的作用,旨在服务美国“大国竞争”的战略目标。情报外交主要表现为战略解密、情报斡旋和情报联盟等维度,意图利用美国情报优势操控舆论、增强威慑并护持霸权,是美国对外发动认知战的新型武器。美国情报外交在乌克兰危机、巴以冲突等地缘热点事件中的显著运用备受关注,促使美国推进情报外交的制度建设、资源统筹并聚焦“对华竞争”。美国情报外交的效果有待检验,且面临一系列内外掣肘因素,但其泛政治化、泛安全化和泛意识形态化倾向对国际社会的深刻负面影响不容忽视。

Intelligence and diplomacy are two important pillars of American foreign strategy,which cooperate and coordinate with each other and constantly evolve along with the process of establishing and maintaining American hegemony.At present,in the context of profound changes in the international landscape and the accelerating evolution of emerging technologies,the US strategic community has launched an attempt at intelligence diplomacy,aiming to“go beyond secrecy”,make intelligence no longer serve diplomatic decision-making only,and push the intelligence work into the spotlight to deeply participate in diplomatic decision-making and practice,in order to better serve the strategic goal of the US’“great power competition”.