基于物联网的宿舍环境监测与综合管理系统研究

Research on Dormitory Environment Monitoring and Integrated Management System Based on the Internet of Things

宿舍作为公共聚集区,具有人员数量大的特点,存在着室内环境难以实时监测维护、室内人员是否在位难以实时统计等问题。宿舍环境的好坏会直接影响居住人的生活质量及身心状态,宿舍人员的实时统计会影响管理工作的判断决策。本文基于物联网技术设计了一种宿舍环境实时监测与综合管理系统。本系统采用温度、光敏、噪声传感器精确感知宿舍温度变化、熄灯与否、吵闹噪声情况;运用先进毫米波雷达技术,在保护学生隐私的前提下,实时监测统计宿舍人员在寝情况;基于物联网技术将环境和人员到寝数据传输到信息中心进行集中处理分析。宿舍作为物联网的各个节点,基于MQTT协议将各节点采集的数据通过WIFI网关上传至云平台,实现数据的共享与持久化。最后在微信小程序端实现数据可视化,用以辅助学校后勤管理部门实时、多维度监测学生宿舍情况。实测结果表明:云平台接收的数据能及时反映学生宿舍的环境数据波动和人数变化,实现用户终端远程监控功能,满足人员管理和宿舍环境安全舒适的监测和维护需要。

As a public gathering area,dormitories have the characteristics of a large number of people,and it is difficult to monitor and maintain the indoor environment in real time,and make real-time statistics on the presence of indoor personnel.The quality of dormitory environment will directly affect the quality of life,individual mental and spiritual health,and the real-time statistics of dormitory personnel will affect the judgment for managers.This work proposes a dormitory environment real-time monitoring and integrated management system based on internet of things technology.In this system,the temperature,light sensitive,and noise sensors were used to accurately perceive the temperature change of dormitory,lights on or off,and noise intensity.The advanced millimeter wave radar technology was adopted to real-time monitoring and statistics of dormitory staff in the premise of protecting people's privacy.Based on the internet of things technology,the environment and personnel presence data are transmitted to the information center for centralized processing and analysis.Dormitory is treated as the node of the internet of things.Data collected by these sensors were then uploaded to a cloud platform through a WIFI gateway using the MQTT protocol,ensuring data sharing and persistence.Ultimately,data visualization was achieved on a WeChat mini-program to aid the school's logistical management department to monitor the dormitory environment in real-time and across multiple dimensions.The practical test results demonstrate that the data received by the cloud platform promptly reflects fluctuations in environmental data and changes in the number of individuals within the dormitories,realizing the function for remote monitoring through user terminals,thus meeting the requirements for personnel management and maintaining a safe and comfortable dormitory environment.