基于潮位站水位数据的海啸波特征值拾取与分析研究

Investigation on tsunami wave characteristics picking and analyzing technique for water level data from coastal tide gauges

以2022年1月汤加海啸事件为例,采用高通滤波和最大熵谱分析方法对日本父岛、上海芦潮港潮位站实测水位进行海啸波的特征拾取、分析与比对验证。结果表明:父岛站海啸波最大波高为0.88 m,主周期为12.2~20.5 min;芦潮港站最大波高为0.07 m,主周期为20.3 min;由不同采样频率的水位数据计算得到的海啸波不同,各站首波到形成最大波幅的时长也不一致。

High-pass filtering and maximum entropy spectrum analysis were used to analyze the water level measured data during Tonga Tsunami of January 2022 from Chichi jima station in Japan and Luchaogang station in Shanghai.The results show that the maximum height of tsunami wave at Chichi jima station is 0.88 m,and its main period is 12.2~20.5 min.The maximum height of tsunami wave at Luchaogang station is 0.07 m,and its main period is 20.3 min.The derived tsunami waves are different when uses different sampling frequencies.The time between the first wave and the maximum wave height also varies at different stations.