质性研究在博物馆观众研究中的设计与应用:基于案例的反思

The Deslgn and Implementatlon of Qualtative Research Methodology In Vlsttor Studles at Museums:Reflection from a Case Study

在博物馆观众研究中,质性研究为理解观众参观博物馆的意义、描绘观众参观博物馆的多样性、规律性和特殊性提供了重要的方法论指导。在质性研究取向的博物馆观众研究中,观察法和访谈法是使用最为广泛的两种数据收集方法。本文回顾质性研究取向的博物馆观众研究的起源历史、发展脉络、关键特征,在本土研究现实境况基础上,通过详细描述一例在本土开展的执行研究取向的博物馆观众研究的设计与实施流程,深入剖析质性研究在博物馆观众研究中可能遭遇的困境及解决方法,挖掘质性研究对博物馆观众研究的突出价值及应用之道。

Qualitative research methodology provides a valuable approach to conduct visitor studies in museum contexts.Among different research methods,observation and interview are dominant technics to collect qualitative data.Consider the value of qualitative approach,this article comparatively analyzed visitor studies between the U.S.and China,and further introduced a qualitative case study completed in a local art museum.This article may contribute to offer methodological directions for museum researchers to implement qualitative visitor studies,which may deepen our understanding of the complexity of museum visitors and the contexts where they are situated.