不同种植年限对贺兰山东麓葡萄园土壤养分特性的影响

Impact of Different Planting Years on Soil Nutrient Characteristics in Grape Vineyards at Eastern Foot of Helan Mountain

贺兰山东麓地区具有独特的地理环境和良好生态条件,是中国优质的葡萄酒产区,土壤营养条件与葡萄酒的品质紧密相关。本研究旨在探究贺兰山东麓不同种植年限葡萄园土壤化学性质及养分状况,以期对该地区特色产业结构调整提供依据。通过方差分析和Pearson相关性分析,对树龄小于5 a、5~10 a、超过10 a的3种不同种植年限葡萄园样地土壤进行了评估。结果显示,当种植年限在5~10 a之间时,土壤pH呈现下降趋势;而当种植年限超过10 a时,pH开始上升。在树龄为5~10 a的土壤中,有效磷和速效钾含量表现出明显的波动,但当树龄超过10 a时,这些含量开始恢复。不同深度层土壤中的有机质、碱解氮、全磷和全钾含量受树龄的影响较小,存在一定范围的波动。养分因子之间的相关性分析发现,当种植年限超过10 a后,养分因子之间的相关性显著降低。这些结果表明,随着种植年限的增加,土壤养分因子以及养分因子之间的关系会发生变化,这为优化贺兰山东麓地区葡萄园土壤管理和改良提供了依据。

The eastern foothill region of Helan Mountain possesses unique geographical and favorable ecological conditions,making it a prime grape wine production area in China.The soil nutrient conditions are closely related to the quality of wine produced in this region.In this study,three grape vineyard plots were selected based on their plantation ages:less than 5 years,5-10 years,and over 10 years.Variance and Pearson correlation were conducted to examine the relationships between soil chemical properties,nutrient status,and soil nutrient factors in vineyards of different plantation ages.The study revealed that the pH of the soil exhibited a decreasing trend when the plantation age was between 5 and 10 years.However,when the plantation age exceeded 10 years,the pH started to increase.In soils with vineyards aged between 5 and 10 years,the content of available phosphorus and rapidly available potassium showed significant fluctuations.However,these content levels began to recover when the vineyard age exceeded 10 years.The organic matter,alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen,total phosphorus,and total potassium contents in soil at different depths were only moderately influenced by vineyard age,with fluctuations within a certain range.Correlation analysis among nutrient factors revealed a significant decrease in correlations among these factors after the plantation age exceeded 10 years.These findings indicate that with increasing plantation age,both soil nutrient factors and the relationships between them undergo changes,which provided a basis and clues for improving soil nutrition and serves as a reference for the development of high-quality specialty industries and the adjustment of industrial structure in our region.