花生种质资源品质性状分析及综合评价

Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Quality Characters of Peanuts Germplasm Resources

本研究旨在探究不同来源花生种质资源品质性状之间的关联性,为挖掘优异的鲜食花生种质资源提供理论依据。采用变异系数、遗传多样性指数以及相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析、综合评分等方法,对287份不同来源花生种质资源的11个品质性状进行全面分析和综合评价。结果显示,11个品质性状变异系数介于1.286%~19.506%,遗传多样性指数在1.046~2.073之间。相关性分析结果表明油酸含量与蛋白质含量呈极显著负相关关系,与蔗糖含量呈极显著正相关。主成分分析共提取到3个主成分因子,累计贡献率达到71.467%。通过聚类分析,287份材料被分为3个类群,第Ⅰ类群脂肪、硬脂酸含量较高,共计100份材料;第Ⅱ类群共有61份材料,油酸含量较高;第Ⅲ类群含126份材料,具有高蛋白低脂肪的特点。基于3个主成分的贡献率权重,构建了综合评分公式:F=0.588F1+0.277F2+0.135F3,据此公式筛选出了综合评分大于1的材料51份,其中大于5的材料有3份,可为今后花生品质育种提供参考。

The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between the quality traits of peanut germplasm resources from different sources and provide a theoretical basis for the rational exploration of fresh peanut germplasm resources.We utilized genetic diversity analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis,clustering analysis,and comprehensive score to analyze and assess the 11 quality traits of 287 peanut germplasm resources.The results showed that the coefficient of variation of 11 quality traits ranged from 1.286%to 19.506%,and the genetic diversity index ranged from 1.046 to 2.073.The results of correlation analysis showed that the oleic acid content has an extremely significant negative correlation with proteins content and an extremely significant positive correlation with sucrose content.A total of three principal component factors were extracted from the principal component analysis,and their cumulative contribution rate reached 71.467%.Cluster analysis divided the 287 materials into 3 groups.The first group has a higher content of fat and stearic acid,which contains 100 materials;the second group has a higher oleic acid content,which contains 61 materials;and the third group has the characteristics of high protein content and low fat content,which contains 126 materials.By assigning weights of the contribution rate of the 3 principal components,we constructed a comprehensive scoring formula:F=0.588F1+0.277F2+0.135F3.According to this formula,we selected 51 materials with a comprehensive score greater than 1,including 3 materials with a score exceeding 5.This research provides valuable insights for future studies in peanut quality breeding.