一种电机壳体的铸造工艺设计

Casting Process Design of a Motor Housing

介绍了一种复杂的电机壳体铸件的结构及技术要求,针对其复杂水道结构、出芯难、水道薄、易断裂的特点,设计了适用于该铸件的生产工艺,经生产验证,铸件表面无气孔、夹渣、裂纹等缺陷,打孔位置无缩松、气孔、夹砂等缺陷,气道未出现粘砂问题,符合技术要求。最后指出:对于电机壳类的薄壁铸件,在工艺设计过程中应将薄壁尽量置于底面或侧立面,避免形成气孔和夹杂物等缺陷;在分型面选择和砂芯设计时,分型面选取铸件最大投影处,尽量少用活块或砂芯,方便下芯,保证铸件尺寸精度;采用开放式浇注系统,使铁液稳定充型,在一定程度上避免冲砂风险。

The structure and technical requirements of a complex motor housing casting were introduced.Focusing on its complex waterway structure,difficulty in core removal,thin water channel,and susceptibility to fracture,a suitable production process was designed for this casting.Through production verification,the casting exhibited no defects such as surface porosity,slag inclusion or cracks.The drilling positions exhibited no shrinkage,porosity or sand inclusion defects,and air passage did not encounter sand sticking issues,meeting the technical requirements.Finally,it was emphasized that in the process design of thin-walled castings like motor housing,thin walls should preferably be placed on the bottom or side faces to avoid defects such as porosity and inclusions.When selecting parting surfaces and designing sand cores,the parting surface should be selected at the maximum projection of the casting.And used as little loose chunk or sand cores as possible to facilitate core setting and ensure the dimensional accuracy of the casting.An open pouring system was used to ensure stable metal filling and to mitigate sand flushing risks to a certain extent.