民族地区中小学铸牢中华民族共同体意识教育的作用机制研究

Research on the Mechanism of Consolidating the Sense of Community of the Chinese Nation for Primary and Secondary School in Ethnic Regions

为探究民族地区中小学铸牢中华民族共同体意识的教育作用机制,通过构建有调节的中介模型,考察民族交融态度的中介作用以及少数民族朋友的数量、父母是否同族的调节作用。采用问卷调查法对民族地区994名中小学生进行调查,结果显示:(1)铸牢中华民族共同体意识教育能显著正向预测民族地区中小学生的中华民族共同体意识。(2)民族交融态度在铸牢中华民族共同体意识教育与中华民族共同体意识之间具有部分中介作用。(3)铸牢中华民族共同体意识教育对民族交融态度的影响受到少数民族朋友数量的调节。少数民族朋友相对多时,铸牢中华民族共同体意识教育对民族交融态度的影响会更小。(4)民族交融态度对中华民族共同体意识的影响受到父母是否同族的调节。相对于父母同族,父母不同族下民族交融态度对中华民族共同体意识的正向影响会更大。家校社共同营造铸牢中华民族共同体意识教育将有助于加强中华民族共同体意识,同时,增加民族地区中小学生少数民族朋友的数量,促进民族地区不同民族中小学生的民族交往交流交融,父母有不同民族之间的交融等是提升民族地区中小学生中华民族共同体意识的实践途径。

To explore the educational mechanism of consolidating the sense of community of the Chinese nation among primary and secondary school students in ethnic regions,a moderated mediation model was constructed to examine the mediating role of attitudes towards ethnic integration,as well as the moderating role of the number of ethnic minority friends and whether parents are of the same nationality.A questionnaire survey was conducted on 994 primary and secondary school students in ethnic areas,and the results showed that:(1)Consolidating the sense of community of the Chinese nation education can significantly and positively predict the sense of community of the Chinese nation education among primary and secondary school students in ethnic areas.(2)The attitude of ethnic integration plays a partial mediating role between the consolidating the sense of community of the Chinese nation education and the sense of community of the Chinese nation.(3)The influence of consolidating the sense of community of the Chinese nation education on attitudes towards ethnic integration is regulated by the number of ethnic minority people.When there are relatively more ethnic minority people,the influence of cultural education on attitudes towards ethnic integration will be smaller.(4)The influence of ethnic integration attitude on the sense of community of the Chinese nation is regulated by whether parents are of the same nationality.Compared to parents of the same nationality,parents'attitudes towards ethnic integration under different nationalities have a greater positive impact on the sense of community of the Chinese nation.The joint efforts of families,schools,and communities to build a strong sense of community of the Chinese nation will help consolidate this awareness.At the same time,increasing the number of ethnic minority people among primary and secondary school students in ethnic areas,promoting ethnic exchanges,communication,and integration among students of different nationalities in ethnic regions,and fostering integration between parents of different nationalities are practical ways to enhance the sense of community among primary and secondary school students in ethnic regions.