广西医疗卫生机构床位资源配置空间分布特征及利用效率分析

Analysis of Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Utilisation Efficiency of Bed Resource Allocation in Various Types of Medical and Healthcare Institutions in Guangxi

目的分析2018—2022年广西医疗卫生机构床位资源空间分布特征和床位利用效率,为医疗卫生机构床位资源配置和管理提供参考依据。方法采用空间自相关分析医疗卫生机构床位配置状况,采用床位效率指数和床位利用模型评价床位利用效率。结果每千人口床位资源拥有量在各类医疗卫生机构和地区间差距较大。每千人口床位资源整体分布无空间相关性,但均出现不同类型的聚集现象,2018—2022年聚集类型及聚集地变动不大。从利用效率来看,妇幼保健院床位效率指数最高,专科疾病防治院(所、站)床位效率指数最低,综合医院和妇幼保健院为高效率运行,其他医疗卫生机构均为低效率运行;各类医疗卫生机构床位资源利用同时存在效率型、周转型、压床型和闲置型医院。结论医疗卫生机构床位资源配置不均衡,床位运行效率和利用效率差异大,应不断优化床位资源配置。

Objective To analyse the characteristics of spatial distribution of bed resources and bed utilization efficiency of various types of medical and health institutions in Guangxi Province in 2018-2022,and to provide a reference basis for the allocation and management of bed resources of various types of medical and health institutions.Methods Spatial autocorrelation was used to analyse the status of bed allocation in various types of medical and health institutions,and the bed efficiency index and bed utilisation model were used to evaluate the efficiency of bed utilisation.Results Bed resources per 1000 population vary considerably across types of healthcare organisations and regions.There is no spatial correlation in the overall distribution of bed resources per 1000 population,but there are different types of aggregation,and there will be little change in the type of aggregation and the place of aggregation from 2018 to 2022.In terms of utilisation efficiency,the bed efficiency index of maternity and child healthcare hospitals is the highest,the bed efficiency index of specialist disease prevention and treatment hospitals(institutes and stations)is the lowest,general hospitals and maternity and child healthcare hospitals are operating at high efficiency,and all other healthcare institutions are operating at low efficiency;the utilisation of bed resources in various types of healthcare institutions exists in the form of efficiency-type,turn-around-type,bed-pressure-type,and unused-type hospitals at the same time.Conclusion There is an imbalance in the allocation of bed resources in various types of medical and health institutions,with large differences in the operational and utilisation efficiencies of beds;the allocation of bed resources should be continuously optimised.