基于离散选择实验的公立医院医务人员激励偏好实证研究

Study on Incentive Preference of Medical Staff in Public Hospitals Based on Discrete Choice Experiment

目的探讨公立医院医务人员对各激励要素偏好程度,为医院制定合理的激励制度、激发医务人员工作积极性提供理论依据。方法基于离散选择实验(discrete choice experiment,DCE),于2023年3—6月通过多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,选取海南省东、西、南、北、中部各1个市或县的综合医院、中医院、妇幼保健院各1所的医务人员进行问卷调查,采用混合logit模型分析医务人员的激励偏好和支付意愿。结果6个属性对医务人员激励偏好均有影响。其中,医务人员更偏好于选择年薪为35万元、工作氛围为良好和工作强度为8小时工作时间内能基本完成任务所带来的激励效用,医院发展对激励偏好的影响较小。在非经济因素中,当工作氛围由压抑转为良好时,他们愿意每年少获取168305.4元的年薪,而当医院发展由无转为良好时,他们仅意愿每年少获取12433.14元的年薪。结论针对医务人员的不同激励需求,制定精准的激励方案,采取经济和非经济相结合的激励手段,更有助于稳定医院人才队伍,提高工作积极性。

Objective To explore the preference of medical staff in public hospitals for various incentive factors,and to provide theoretical basis for the hospital to formulate a reasonable incentive system and stimulate the enthusiasm of medical staff.Methods Based on the discrete choice experiment,it was conducted from March 2023 to June 2023,through the method of multistage stratified random sampling,the medical staff of a general hospital,a Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital and a maternal and child health hospital in one city in the east,west,south,north and middle of Hainan Province were investigated by questionnaire,and analyzed their incentive preference and willingness to pay by using the mixed logit model.Results All the six attributes have significant influence on medical staff’s incentive preference,among which,medical staff prefer to choose the incentive effect brought by the annual salary of 350000 yuan,good working atmosphere and working intensity of 8 hours,while hospital development has little influence on incentive preference.Among the non-economic factors,when the working atmosphere changes from depression to good,they are willing to get an annual salary of 168305.4 yuan less,while when the hospital development changes from nothing to good,they are only willing to get an annual salary of 12433.14 yuan less.Conclusion According to the different incentive needs of medical staff,it is more helpful to formulate accurate incentive schemes and adopt economic and non-economic incentive means to stabilize the hospital talent team and improve work enthusiasm.