基于扎根理论的公立医院临床医师工作中成功老龄化实现机制研究

Study on the Mechanisms of Successful Aging at Work of Senior Clinicians in Public Hospitals Based on Grounded Theory

目的应用扎根理论的方法,对公立医院临床医师工作中成功老龄化实现机制进行探索性研究,提出相应的管理建议。方法2023年6—8月采用目的抽样方法对湖北省、山东省共5家公立医院的24名医务人员进行半结构式访谈,借助扎根理论对访谈记录进行编码、分析和整合。结果经开放式编码、主轴编码和选择性编码最终梳理出与临床医师工作中成功老龄化相关的204个标签、47个初始范畴、16个主范畴和5个核心范畴,形成临床医师工作中成功老龄化实现机制模型。结论年长医师工作中成功老龄化主要包含身心健康、工作适应、关系与传承、内外报酬和价值实现5个方面。组织支持因素、个体工作重塑通过满足年长医师的心理需求、实现有效资源管理和促进人与工作匹配,实现工作中成功老龄化;个体特征因素在其中起调节作用;工作重塑在组织支持因素对临床医师工作中成功老龄化影响中起中介作用。

Objective An exploratory study of the mechanisms for achieving successful aging at work of clinicians in public hospitals by applying grounded theory and proposing appropriate management recommendations.Methods 24 medical staff from 5 public hospitals in Hubei and Shandong Provinces were interviewed in semi-structured interviews by using purposive sampling methods from June to August in 2023.The interview records were coded,analyzed and integrated with grounded theory.Results Through open coding,spindle coding and selective coding,204 original concepts,47 categories,16 main categories and 5 core category related to model of the mechanism for achieving successful aging at work of clinicians.Conclusion Successful aging at work of senior clinicians encompasses five main areas:physical and mental health,work adaptation,relationships and legacy,internal and external compensation,and value realization.Organizational support factors,individual job crafting affect successful aging at work of senior clinicians by meeting the psychological needs,achieving effective resource management,and promoting person-job matching;individual characteristic factors play a moderating role;job crafting mediates the effect of organizational support factors on successful aging at work among clinicians.