糖尿病性干眼的发病机制和治疗研究进展

Research progress of pathogenesis and treatment of diabetic dry eye

糖尿病性干眼是一种常见的眼表疾病,严重影响患者的视觉质量。糖尿病性干眼的病理变化涉及多种因素,包括高血糖对眼表微环境及角膜神经的影响、氧化应激、糖基化终末产物的累积效应等。当前糖尿病性干眼的治疗策略涵盖物理治疗、泪液替代疗法、促进眼表修复及抗炎治疗等,各种治疗方法均存在局限性。本文对近年来糖尿病性干眼发病机制和临床治疗的研究进展进行总结,以期为临床医师对糖尿病性干眼患者制定个性化的治疗方案提供新思路。

Diabetic dry eye is a prevalent ocular surface disease and has a profound impact on patients’quality of visual acuity.The pathological changes of diabetic dry eye are influenced by a multitude of factors,involving the effects of hyperglycemia on the ocular surface microenvironment and corneal nerves,oxidative stress and the accumulative effect of glycation end products.Current therapeutic strategies include physiotherapy,tear replacement therapy,promotion of ocular surface repair,and anti-inflammatory therapy.However,these treatments have certain limitations.This article presents a summary of the research conducted on the pathogenesis and clinical treatment of diabetic dry eye in recent years,aiming to provide clinicians with new ideas for developing personalized treatment plans for diabetic dry eye patients.