海岛棉种质资源遗传多样性及对黄萎病的抗性鉴定

Genetic diversity of Gossypium barbadense germplasm resources and identification of resistance to Verticillium wilt

【目的】通过田间抗病性与室内苗期抗病性联合鉴定和分析,掌握海岛棉种质资源的抗病性分布状况,为筛选出黄萎病的高抗资源提供基础。【方法】以本课题组的238份海岛棉种质资源为鉴定对象,于2023年在库尔勒和阿瓦提通过自然病田小区试验,并联合室内苗期接菌的方法,对海岛棉资源进行黄萎病抗病性鉴定和评价。【结果】对238份海岛棉种质资源的15个指标遗传多样性分析,变异系数范围为2.00%~36.97%,均值为16.05%。于不同环境进行抗性鉴定发现变异系数范围为8.40%~71.06%。结合4个不同环境分析未鉴定到对黄萎病完全免疫及高抗的种质资源材料,鉴定出30份抗病材料,194份耐病材料,14份感病材料。【结论】海岛棉种质资源对大部分黄萎病都具有抗耐性,可从海岛棉种质资源中鉴定和选育对黄萎病抗性强的种质资源。

[Objective]Through identification and analysis of disease resistance of the field-and indoorgrowing seedlings,the distribution of disease resistance of Gossypium barbadense germplasm resources was mastered,providing a basis for screening high resistant resources to Verticillium wilt.[Methods]238 G.barbadense germplasm resources of our research group were used as objects.In 2023,the field plot test for the natural disease was carried out in KEL and AWT,and the resistance of G.barbadense resources to V.wilt was identified and evaluated by indoor inoculation.[Results]The genetic diversity of 15 indexes of 238 G.barbadense germplasm resources was analyzed.The coefficient of variation was ranged from 2.00%to 36.97%,with an average of 16.05%.Resistance identification in different environments showed that the coefficient of variation was ranged from 8.40%to 71.06%.Based on the analysis of four different environments,no germplasm resources with complete immunity and high resistance to V.wilt were identified,and 30 resistant materials,194 resistant materials,and 14 susceptible materials were identified.[Conclusion]Most of the planting resources of G.barbadense have resistance to V.wilt.Therefore,it is necessary to identify and select germplasm resources with strong resistance to V.wilt from G.barbadense germplasm resources.