纯电动商用车驱动电机温度场分析与冷却结构设计

Calculation and Temperature Field Analysis of Pure Electric Commercial Vehicles

永磁同步电机体积小,转度快,长期运行易导致温升显著。针对纯电动商用车驱动电机热负荷大、损耗严重的问题,以84 kW永磁同步电机为研究对象,展开电机温度场分析与优化研究。首先建立了驱动电机的几何模型,通过仿真分析与理论计算求解不同工况下的电机损耗;其次设计了机壳螺旋流道、工字流道与轴向流道,构建电机温度场与流场的耦合求解模型,并结合冷却效率、流量阻力和加工方便性等优选结构方案。最后,基于优选水道结构方案,采用多目标优化理论对水道结构参数进行优化,并进行有限元仿真计算对比。结果表明,优化后的工字水道通壳体温度降低了17.9%。

Permanent magnet synchronous motor has a small volume and a high speed,and its long-term operation is easy to lead to significant temperature rise.In view of the problems of large thermal load and serious loss of the drive motor of pure electric commercial vehicles,the 84kW permanent magnet synchronous motor was the research object to study the temperature field analysis and optimization of the motor.Firstly,the geometric model of drive motor was established and the motor loss under different working conditions was solved by theoretical calculation;secondly,the casing spiral channel,I-channel and peripheral channel of motor temperature field and flow field were designed,and the waterway structure scheme was optimized based on cooling efficiency,flow resistance and processing convenience.Finally,multi-objective optimization theory and finite element simulation calculation.The results show that the temperature of the optimized I-channel shell is decreased by 17.9%.