瘤胃酸中毒对山羊胃肠道功能、形态和菌群的影响

Effect of Rumen Acidosis on Gastrointestinal Function,Morphology,and Microflora in Goats

旨在通过诱导瘤胃酸中毒模型,探究瘤胃酸中毒对山羊胃肠道组织和菌群结构的影响。本试验选取8只健康波尔山羊为试验对象,对照组4只,造模后的酸中毒组4只。通过瘤胃插管灌服玉米面的方法构建山羊瘤胃酸中毒模型。取胃肠道组织进行HE染色、RT-qPCR和Western blot检测,探究瘤胃酸中毒对山羊消化道组织形态、功能蛋白的影响。另外分别取瘤胃液和盲肠内容物,应用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术测定样本中细菌的16S rRNA,分析酸中毒对山羊胃肠道细菌群落组成的影响。结果显示:与对照组相比,酸中毒组山羊的瘤胃和小肠的组织形态出现损伤,其结构完整性被破坏;瘤胃和十二指肠中的MCT1 mRNA相对表达量和蛋白质表达量均极显著升高(P<0.01),而SLC5A8 mRNA相对表达量和蛋白表达量均极显著降低(P<0.01)。对瘤胃内容物进行高通量测序后,相较于对照组,酸中毒组Alpha多样性分析中Shannon指数显著低(P<0.05),拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、互养菌门(Synergistetes)的相对丰富度极显著降低(P<0.01),纤维杆菌门(Fibrobacteres)、软壁菌门(Tenericutes)的相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05),瘤球菌属(Ruminococcus)、普雷沃氏菌属(Prevotella)的相对丰富度显著降低(P<0.05)。对盲肠内容物高通量测序后,与对照组相比,酸中毒组的瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus)、颤螺旋菌属(Oscillospira)的相对丰富度显著降低(P<0.05),梭菌属(Clostridium)相对丰富度显著升高(P<0.05)。综上可知,瘤胃酸中毒可使山羊消化道组织形态完整性破坏,相关蛋白表达受影响,导致消化道菌群结构发生紊乱。

This study utilized a model of rumen acidosis induced by the administration of corn flour to investigate its impact on the gastrointestinal tract flora structure of goats.In this experiment,eight healthy Boer goats were selected as test subjects,4 in the control group and 4 in the acidosis group after modeling.Gastrointestinal(GI)tissues were collected for HE staining,RT qPCR,and Western blot assay to investigate the effects of rumen acidosis on the morphology and functional proteins of goat GI tissues.Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was used to determine the 16S rRNA of the bacteria in rumen fluid and cecum content,aimed to sutdy the effect of acidosis on the bacterial communities in the gastrointestinal tracts.The results showed that,compared with the control group,the tissue morphology and structural integrity of the ru-men and small intestine were damaged in the acidosis group.The relative expression levels of MCT1 mRNA and protein in rumen and duodenum were extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),while the relative expression levels of SLC5A8 mRNA and protein were extremely signifi-cantly decreased(P<0.01).The results of high-throughput sequencing in rumen contents showed that,the Shannon index of Alpha diversity analysis in the acidosis group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.01),and the relative richness of Bacteroidetes and Syn-ergistetes was significantly decreased(P<0.01).The relative abundance of Fibrobacteres and Teneri-cutes was significantly increased(P<0.05),while the relative abundance of Ruminococcus and Prevo-tella was significantly decreased(P<0.05).After high-throughput sequencing of cecum contents,com-pared with the control group,the relative richness of Ruminococcus and Oscillospira in acidosis group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),while the relative richness of Clostridium was significantly in-creased(P<0.05).In conclusion,rumen acidosis can destroy the integrity of digestive tract morpholo-gy,affect the expression of related proteins,and disturb digestive tract flora structure.