森林和城镇交界域火灾现状、特点与防控综述

Review on status,characteristics and comprehensive principles of fire prevention and control in Wildland-Urban Interface

森林和城镇交界域(Wildland-Urban Interface,WUI)主要是指荒地植被和居民生活区交汇混合的区域。该区域易发生火灾,并将造成严重经济损失和负面影响。当前,随着城市化进程加快和人工林面积增加,全球极端天气增多,易发生火灾的交界域面积持续增长,世界各国均面临交界域火灾高发的风险,森林防火形势日益严峻。我国由于生态化城镇建设步伐加快,森林和城镇交界域面积逐年增加,通过简述国内外交界域防灭火现状和研究进展,归纳交界域的主要特点,提出新形势下我国交界域火灾面临的难点、挑战和相应的防控原则,以期为我国交界域防灭火工作提供理论和技术支撑。

Wildland-Urban Interface(WUI),the place where houses and vegetation meet or mix,is prone to cause fire incidents and potentially leads to huge economic loss destructive as well as negative social impacts.Due to rapid urbanization,continuous afforestation and extreme climate,the area of WUI fire outbreak is predicted to increase and might enter the period of high incidence of fires occurred in WUI around the world.China,in facing of similar forest fire risk in WUI,urgently needs more solutions to better prevent and control WUI fire.It summarized current status and previous progress of WUI fire prevention and control,listed several main characteristics of WUI,and proposed a set of overall principles and existing challenges for WUI fire under the new era in China.These efforts would provide theoretical innovation and technical support for WUI fire prevention and control in China.