汉语动词重叠式的语义认知研究

A Cognitive Semantic Study of Chinese Verbal Reduplication

汉语动词重叠式的语义解读一直存在争议。传统研究多聚焦于其增减量的解释,但缺乏对语言符号社会认知的考虑。该文借助隐喻—类象整合模型,探讨汉语动词重叠式语义建构中认知机制与社会规约的互动关系。通过对“整体—部分”图式结构的层创空间分析,发现重叠结构在时间和序列的类象解读上倾向于“少量”意。在此基础上,语境进一步“调整”图式结构从而产生路径式和循环式两种重叠:前者借助隐喻repetition is division实现复现行为的步骤化,通过强化动作的边界感或弱化其延续感而产生少时量的解读;后者则遵循repetition is cycling实现复现行为的整合化,通过弱化动作的边界感或强化动作的延续感获得时量增加的含义。

With regard to the semantic construal and description relevant to Chinese verbal reduplication(CVR),debates have never been ceased.Scholars have perceived it as a phenomenon indicative of either an increment or a decrement,but they have failed to regard it as a socio-cognitive action represented by linguistic token.This paper has discussed the interaction between cognitive mechanism and social norms while Chinese CVR is semantically constructed and found that iconic links exist between the formal features of CVR and the linear and sequential experience of time,which then,monitored by the WHOLE-PARTS schema,result in a"reducing"semantic decoding in the blended space.The image schema is further adjusted to PATH or CYCLE as a result of contextual changes.The PATH schema triggers the repetition-is-division metaphor which serves either to reinforce the"boundedness"of repeated actions or to reduce an action's durativeness,resulting in a"reducing"semantic effect.Then,the CYCLE schema activates the repetition-is-cycling metaphor which enables an"increment"decoding,by means of reducing the"boundedness"of repeated actions or intensifying their durativeness.