期望与现实:学生视角下学校不公平现象的生成机制研究

Expectations and Reality:The Mechanisms Behind Perceived School Inequities from the Student Perspective

公平是学校日常生活不可或缺的构成。本研究基于组织公平理论,探讨学生对公平的期望与实际体验之间的落差,分析学校组织本身在何种层面上以及如何制造教育不公平。调查显示:相较于研究者常关注的学习资源分配不均问题,学生更在意人际互动中的公平感受。而教师绩效导向的行为方式与学生公平诉求间的张力,塑造了学校层面不公平现象的基本特征。深入了解学校不公平的产生机制,有助于教育工作者识别和优化影响教育公平质量的微观要素。

Fairness is an indispensable part of school life.This study,based on organizational justice theory,explores the gap between students’expectations of fairness and their actual experiences,analyzing the levels and ways in which schools create educational inequity.The investigation found that,in contrast to the commonly discussed issue of unequal distribution of learning resources,students are more concerned with fairness in teacher-student interactions.The tension between teachers’merit-based(achievement-driven)interaction principles and students’demand for equal treatment shapes the fundamental characteristics of perceived unfairness at the school level.Understanding the mechanisms behind school inequity helps educators identify and optimize key factors affecting the quality of education eequality.