煤矿高效膜型抑尘剂的研制与性能表征

Development and performance characterization of high efficiency membrane dust suppressants for coal mines

为解决煤矿井下煤尘污染严重以及喷雾水对煤尘的润湿捕捉效果差导致的降尘效果不理想等问题,以大豆分离蛋白为主料,在表面活性剂等其他辅料的共同作用下,研制出一种对煤尘颗粒具有较强的黏结与润湿能力的复合型膜型抑尘剂。抑尘剂平均黏度值为17.9 mPa·s,具有良好的保湿效果,经48 h水分蒸发后含水率保持在10%左右。同时,该抑尘剂在与煤尘接触后,可以在煤尘表面形成一层具有较强硬度的固化层,固化层硬度为81.8 HA,结合扫描电镜分析喷洒抑尘剂后煤粒表面的微观形貌,发现喷洒抑尘剂后煤尘颗粒之间出现均匀的网状结构,覆盖于煤粉表面形成一层紧密固化层,能将不同粒径的煤尘颗粒相互间黏结团聚成大煤尘颗粒可以有效地阻止煤尘扩散,具有良好的抑尘效果。

In order to solve the problem of serious coal dust pollution in coal mines and the poor wetting and capturing effect of spray water on coal dust,the dust reduction effect is not ideal,this paper developed a composite film-type dust suppressant with strong bonding and wetting ability to coal dust particles by using soy protein isolate as the main ingredient,and other auxiliary materials,such as surfactants,under the joint action.The average viscosity of the dust suppressant is 17.9 mPa·s,with good moisturizing effect,and the water content is kept at about 10%after 48 hours of water evaporation.At the same time,the dust suppressant can form a layer of curing layer with strong hardness on the surface of coal dust after contacting with coal dust,and the hardness of the curing layer is 81.8 HA.Combined with the scanning electron microscope to analyze the microscopic morphology on the surface of coal particles after spraying the dust suppressant,it was found that there was a uniform reticular structure between the coal particles after spraying the dust suppressant and it covered a layer of close curing layer on the surface of coal dust,and it can bond coal dust particles of different particle sizes to each other.The agglomeration of coal dust particles into large coal dust particles can effectively prevent the spread of coal dust,and has a good effect of dust suppression.