“父亲”还是“母亲”:谁在影响孩子参与影子教育?——兼论家庭教育时间投入中的父母责任

Father or Mother:Who is Influencing Children’s Participation in Shadow Education?On Parental Responsibility in the Investment of Family Education Time

基于中国教育追踪调查(CEPS)数据,探讨父母教育时间投入和孩子影子教育参与、支出之间的关系。结果发现,父亲的家庭教育时间投入替代了孩子影子教育参与,母亲的家庭教育时间投入强化了孩子影子教育参与;父亲教育时间投入每提高一个单位,孩子影子教育支出减少111.77元,母亲教育时间投入每提高一个单位(1小时),孩子影子教育支出提高104.54元;父亲的家庭教育时间投入对孩子影子教育参与的影响在不同父亲职业等级家庭间存在异质性,母亲的家庭教育时间投入对孩子影子教育参与和支出的影响在不同社会经济地位家庭间不存在异质性。建议完善家庭教育责任相关细则,构建父母共同参与的家庭教育支持体系;营造良好舆论氛围,加强宣传父亲有效参与家庭教育的积极作用;持续推进家校社协同,从实践层面提升父亲教育能力和水平。

Based on the data from the China Education Longitudinal Survey(CEPS),Logit and Tobit regression models were used to explore the re-lationship between parental education time investment and children’s shadow education participation and expenditure.The results showed that father’s family education time investment replaced children’s shadow education participation,while mother’s family education time investment strengthened children’s shadow education participation;when father’s family education time investment increased by 1 unit,children’s shadow education expendi-ture decreased by 111.766 yuan,while mother’s family education time investment increased by 1 unit(1 hour),children’s shadow education expend-iture increased by 104.535 yuan;the influence of father’s family education time investment on children’s shadow education participation was heteroge-neous in families with different father’s occupational levels,while the influence of mother’s family education time investment on children’s shadow ed-ucation participation and expenditure was not heterogeneous in families with different socioeconomic status.It is suggested to improve the relevant systems of family education responsibility,and build a family education support system with parents’joint participation;create a good media atmosphere,and in-crease the publicity of the positive role of father’s effective participation in family education;continuously promote the tripartite collaboration between family,school and community,and improve father’s education ability and level from a practical perspective.